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Yıl:2009; Cilt: 1; Sayı: 1>> Özet
Geriatri ve Geriatrik Nöropsikiyatri Dergisi; 2009;1(1):52-57
Yaşlı ve genç yaş grupları arasında tiroidektomi sonuçlarında ve komplikasyonlarında herhangi bir fark var mıdır?
S Aydın, B Ünal, M Karabeyoğlu, Ö Cengiz
General Surgery, Ankara Güven Hospital, Ankara
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın temel amacı yaşlı ve genç yaş grupları arasında tiroid hastalıklarının spektrumunu, cerrahi endikasyonlarını, tiroid cerrahisi komplikasyonlarını ve tiroid patolojilerinin histopatolojik sonuçlarını karşılaştırmaktır. Bir diğer amaç da yaşın tiroid cerrahisiyle ilgili morbidite ve mortalitedeki muhtemel rolünü belirlemektir.

Materyal ve Metodlar: Bu çalışma herhangi bir nedenle tiroid cerrahisi geçirmiş, yaşları 14 ile 78 arasında, 921 hastanın sonuçlarının retrospektif analizidir. Altmış yaşın üstündeki guatrlı hastaların klinik, patolojik, biyokimyasal, radyolojik ve cerrahi özellikleri, 60 yaşından genç hasta grubu ile karşılaştırıldı.

Bulgular: Altmış yaş ve üzeri hastaların sayısı 151 idi, 29'u (%21,5) erkek, 106'sı (%78,5) bayandı ve diğerleri (60 yaş altı) 786 kişiydi, 122'si (%15,5) erkek ve 664'ü (%84,5) bayandı. Tiroid sintigrafi sonuçlarındaki soğuk nodül sıklığı genç hasta gruplarında daha yüksek (p<0,03) iken, total postoperatif komplikasyonlar ve trakeostomi gereksinimi yaşlı hastalarda daha sıktı (sırasıyla, p<0,02 ve p< 0,002). Postoperatif komplikasyonlardan vokal kord paralizisi (p<0,005) ve hipokalsemi (p<0,004) yaşlılarda daha çok görüldü. Seste boğuklaşmakısıklık da yaşlılarda gençlere göre daha sıktı (p<0,002). Hiçbir grupta mortalite görülmedi. İstatistiksel olarak anlamlı olmamasına rağmen (p>0,05), rekürren guatr insidansı yaşlı hastalarda gençlere göre daha yüksekti.

Sonuç: Malignite tanısında iğne aspirasyonu ve postoperatif biyopsi birbirine yakındı. Sekonder postoperatif komplikasyonlardan özellikle seste boğuklaşma-kısıklık ve hipokalsemi total tiroidektomi geçirmiş yaşlı hastalarda daha sık görüldü. Bu çalışma yaşlı hastalarda tiroid cerrahisinin güvenirliliği ve komplikasyonları ile ilgili bir tartışma getirecektir.
Is There Any Difference in Thyroidectomy Results and Complications Between Elderly and the Younger Age Groups?
Objective: To compare the differences between elderly and younger age groups in thyroid disease spectrum, surgery indications, complications of thyroid surgery and histopathologic results of the thyroid pathologies are the main aim of this study. Another end point is to determine the potential role of age in thyroid surgery related overall morbidity and mortality.

Materials and Methods: This is a study of retrospective analysis of the results of 921 patients aged between 14 and 78 who had been undergone thyroid surgery for any reasons. Clinical, pathological, biochemical, radiological and surgical features of goiters in group of patients older than 60 [year]s were compared with the group of patients younger than 60 [year]s in this study.

Results: Number of the patients 60 [year]s and older were 151, 29 male (21.5%) and 106 female (78.5%) and others were 786, 122 male (15.5%) and 664 female (84.5%). Frequency of cold nodules in the thyroid scintigraphy results were higher in the groups with younger patients (p<0.03); whereas, total postoperative complications and demand of tracheostomy were common in older ones (p<0.02 and p<0.002, respectively). Vocal cord paralysis (p<0.005) and hypocalcemia (p<0.04) which of postoperative complications were higher in elderly. Hoarseness was also more common older patients than younger ones (p<0.002). There was no mortality in any group. Incidence of recurrent goiter in older patients was higher than younger ones, despite no statistically significant (p>0.05).

Conclusion: Definition of malignancy was similar in both fine needle aspiration and postoperative biopsy. Secondly postoperative complications especially hoarseness and hypocalcaemia were higher in older patients who had been undergone total thyroidectomy. This study will bring an argument about the safety and related complications of thyroid surgery in older patients.

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