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Yıl:2009; Cilt: 20; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2009;20(1):37-48
Türkiye'de Bir Ruh Sağlığı Bölge Hastanesindeki Hasta Bağlama Uygulamalarının Değişkenleri
M Sercan, R Bilici
AİBÜ İzzet Baysal Tıp Fak., Psikiyatri AD., Bolu
Amaç: Türkiye'nin en büyük ruh sağlığı bölge hastanesinde uygulanan hasta bağlamayı azaltma-kaldırma çabalarına veri tabanı oluşturmak, uygulamaları dünyadaki kısıtlama değişkenlerine göre değerlendirmek.

Yöntem: Bir aylık sürede bağlanan hastaların sosyodemografik özellikleri, geçmiş intihar-şiddet davranışları, KPDÖ puanları, servislerin yatak sayısı, çalışma zamanı ve dışı çalışanlarının sayısı belirlenmiştir. Tüm servislerin bağlama sayı ve süre değişkenleri saptanmış, erişkin psikoz servisleri bu değişkenler yönünden karşılaştırılmıştır.

Bulgular: Bir ayda yatırılan 810 hastanın 194 (%23.9)'ü bağlanmıştı, ortalama bağlanma süresi 3.25 saatti ve tüm hastalar toplam 1524.25 saat bağlı tutulmuştu. Değerlendirmeye alınan 182 hastanın (%59.3)'ü erkek, (%52)'si ilkokul mezunu, (%60)'ı hiç evlenmemiş ve (%64.8)'i birinci derecede yakınlarıyla oturuyordu. Bunlarla bağlanma sayı-süreleri arasında ilişki bulunamadı. Kadınların yaş ortalaması (36.27), erkeklerinkinden (32.46) daha yüksekti ve fark anlamlıydı. 2/3'ünün bağlanma nedeni, insana dönük etkin ve olası şiddetti. Çalışma saatlerinde bağlanma oranı (% 43.82), çalışma dışından düşüktü. Karşılaştırılan erişkin servisleri, şiddet, tanı, KPDÖ puanları, bağlanma nedenleri yönünden farksız olduğu halde, servisler arasında bağlanma sayısı, oranı, süresi yönünden anlamlı farklılıklar saptandı.

Sonuç: Bağlanma sayı ve oranları uluslar arası oranlara göre orta değerlerde bulunmuştur. Bağlanma ve uzun süre bağlı kalma olasılığı, hastanın kadın olmasına, yaşının ileriliğine, belirtilerinin şiddetine bağlı olarak yükselmektedir. Çalışma dışı saatler, bağlanma sayı-süresi açısından daha risklidir. Çalışanların ön yargılarının, yönetim anlayışlarının, deneyim, davranış, tutumlarının, kısıtlamada belirleyici olduğu görülmüştür.
Restraint Variables in a Regional Mental Name Health Hospital in Turkey
Objective: To obtain a database to be used in the effort to reduce the use of restraint in mental health hospitals in Turkey, and to compare the data with results of similar studies.

Method: The sociodemographic characteristics, history of violent or suicidal behavior, and BPRS scores of patients restrained during a 1- [month] period, and data concerning the number of beds and staff working during day and night shifts were collected. The restraint variables, number of restraints used and duration of restraint use, in all wards were determined and adult psychosis wards were compared according to these variables.

Results: Approximately 25% (194) of 810 hospitalized patients were restrained for a total of 1524.25 h (mean: 3.25 h) during 1 [month]. In all, 182 restrained patients were analyzed and most were male, elementary school graduates, never married, and living with first-degree relatives. There were no correlations between these variables, and the number of restraints used and the duration of their use. Mean age of the females (36.27 [year]s) was higher than that of the males (32.46 [year]s); the difference was significant. In all, 66.6% of restraint use was because of violent behavior or the probability of violent behavior. The rate of restraint use was lower during day shifts (43.82%). Patients on adult wards were not different in terms of diagnosis, BPRS score, rate of violent behavior, and reasons for using restraint, but were markedly different in terms of the number of restraints used and the duration of restraint.

Conclusion: The number of restraints used and the duration of restraint was on average level. Restraint was associated with being female and older, and having more severe symptoms. Night and weekend shifts were more risky for amount and duration of restraint. Non-clinical institutional factors were a determining factor in the use of restraint.

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