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Yıl:2009; Cilt: 19; Sayı: 1>> Özet
TAM METİN
Klinik Psikofarmakoloji Bülteni; 2009;19(1):75-86
Şizofrenide eksiklik sendromu
A Tiryaki, E Özkorumak, İ Ak
KTÜ Tıp Fakültesi, Psikiyatri AD,Trabzon-Türkiye
İlk tanımlanmasından bu yana şizofrenide ciddi işlev ve motivasyon kaybı ile giden sendromlar tanımlanmıştır. Bu belirtilerin uzunlamasına ve kesitsel değerlendirmelerinde, diğer şizofreni belirtilerinden bağımsız oldukları gösterilmiştir. Bu belirtiler hastalığın başlangıcından itibaren ya da hastalığa özgü olarak ortaya çıkıyorsa birincil idiopatik; pozitif belirtiler, ilaç yan etkileri veya depresyona bağlı olarak ortaya çıkıyorsa ikincil olarak isimlendirilmektedir. Negatif belirtilerin birincil veya ikincil olup olmamasına göre tedavi yaklaşımları da değişmektedir. Eksiklik sendromu hastalığın başından beri var olan, kendiliğinden ortaya çıkan ve hastalığın seyrinde değişiklik göstermeyen birincil negatif belirtilerle kendini gösterir. Yapılan son çalışmalarda eksiklik sendromu olan hastaların hastalığın seyri, nörobilişsel ölçümler, işlevsellik ve yapısal görüntüleme açısından farklı oldukları bildirilmiştir. Bu gözden geçirme yazısı ile negatif belirtilerin tanımı, klinik özellikleri, biyolojik göstergeleri, yaşam kalitesi, tedaviye yanıt gibi çeşitli boyutlardan ele alınarak şizofreninin klinik çeşitliliği içindeki yerini değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır.
Deficit syndrome in schizophrenia
From the earliest description of schizophrenia, amotivational syndrome associated with severe functional impairment is recognised. These symptoms are found to be independent from other symptoms in longitudinal and cross-sectional assesments. The negative symptoms are named as primary or idiopathic if they are present at beginning of the disease or if it is specific to the disease. If they are due to positive symptoms, drug adverse effects or depression they are named as secondary negative symptoms. Treatment approach depends on whether negative symptoms are primary or secondary. Deficit syndrome is described by primary negative symptoms presenting at the beginning of disease, emerging spontaneously and staying stable during the disease course. Recent reports showed that deficit syndrome differ on disease course based on neurocognitive measures, functioning, and structural imaging. The role of negative symptoms in clinical diversity of schizophrenia was aimed to be evaluated in this paper by elobarating negative symptoms in various dimensions such as clinical features, biological measures, quality of life, and response to treatment.

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