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Yıl:2009; Cilt: 10; Sayı: 1>> Özet
TAM METİN
Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2009;10(1):40-47
Üniversite öğrencilerinde sigara-alkol kullanımı ve aile sorunları ile ilişkisi
SK Akfert, E Çakıcı, M Çakıcı
Yakın Doğu Üniversitesi, Psikoloji Bölümü, Lefkoşa, KKTC
Amaç: Bu çalışmada, üniversite öğrencilerinde sigara-alkol kullanımını ve bunun aile sorunları ile ilişkisini belirlemek amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Araştırmanın örneklemini Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti’nde bulunan Yakın Doğu Üniversitesi Psikoloji Bölümü’nde öğrenim gören toplam 192 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Araştırmada araştırma-cılar tarafından hazırlanan kişisel bilgi formu, Aile Yapısını Değerlendirme Aracı (AYDA) ve Gençlik Döneminde Aile Sorunlarını Değerlendirme Ölçeği (GDASDÖ) kullanılmıştır. Sonuçlar: Araştırmaya katılan deneklerin yaş ortalaması 22.38±2.0 yıldır. Öğrenciler arasında yaşam boyu en az bir kez sigara deneme oranı %61.5, yaşam boyu alkol deneme oranı ise %70.8 bulunmuştur. Sigara deneyen öğrencilerin denemeyen öğrencilere göre aile ortamlarında AYDA’ya göre ‘iletişim’, ‘birlik’, ‘yönetim’, ‘yetkinlik’ ve ‘duygusal bağlam’ boyutlarını daha düşük algıladıkları (p=0.004, p=0.018, p=0.044, p=0.007, p=0.004), aynı zamanda aile ortamlarında GDASDÖ’ne göre ‘otoriter baskıcı tutum’, ‘ilişkilerde duyarsızlık ve tutarsızlık’ ile ‘anne-baba ilişkilerinde uyumsuzluğun’ daha yüksek (p=0.023, p=0.009, p=0.003) olduğu saptanmıştır. Alkol deneyen öğrenciler denemeyen öğrencilerle karşılaştırıldığında aile ortamlarında AYDA’ya göre ‘duygusal bağlam’ boyutunun anlamlı olarak daha düşük (p=0.044) olduğu, GDASDÖ’ne göre daha fazla ‘otoriter baskıcı tutum’, ‘anne-baba ilişkilerinde uyumsuzluk’, ‘ilişkilerde sınırsızlık ve istismar’ (p=0.000, p=0.00, p=0.001) olduğu saptanmıştır. Çoklu regresyon analizi sonuç-ları ‘sigara deneme’ üzerinde yaşın (β=0.193, t=2.474, p=0.014), ‘sigara içme sıklığı’ üzerinde ise cinsiyet (β=-0.196, t=-2.814, p=0.004) ve alkol denemiş olmanın (β=0.153, t=2.192, p=0.030) yordayıcı olduğunu göstermek-tedir. ‘Alkol deneme’ üzerinde ‘uyruk’ (β=-0.227, t=-2.958, p=0.004) ve ‘GDASDÖ-toplam’ (β=0.259, t=2.473, p=0.014) yordayıcı bulunurken, ‘alkol deneme sıklığı’ üzerinde göreli önem sırasıyla ‘GDASDÖ-toplam’ (β=0.418, t=1.976, p=0.000), ‘uyruk’ (β=-0.259, t=-3.514, p=0.001), ‘AYDA-toplam’ (β=0.229, t=4.161, p=0.025) ve ‘sigara deneme’ yordayıcı (β=0.140, t=2.267, p=0.050) görülmektedir. Tartışma: Sonuçlar bize sigara-alkol deneyen gençlerin aile ortamlarını daha olumsuz algıladıklarını göstermektedir. Sigara-alkol içme ile ilgili önleme çalışmalarının üniversite yıllarında da sürdürülmesi ve bu çalışmalarda aile etkisinin göz önüne alınması gerekmektedir.
Cigarette and alcohol use among university students and its relationship with family problems
Objective: The aim of this study is to show cigarette and alcohol use among university students and its relationship with family problems. Methods: The sample of the study comprised a total of 192 students from the Near East University Psychology Department in the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. In the study a personalinformation form prepared by the researchers, ‘Family Structure Assessment Device’ (FSAD) and a ‘Scale for Measuring Family Problems During Adolescence’ (SMFPDA) were used. Results: The mean age of the subjects was 22.38±2.0. The lifetime prevalence of having smoked at least once was 61.5% and alcohol use was 70.8%. Students who smoked perceived the ‘communication’, ‘unity’, ‘management’, ‘perfection’ and ‘emotional’ dimen-sions of their families according to the FSAD lower than the students who did not use (p=0.004, p=0.018, p=0.044, p=0.007, p=0.004). It was also found that according to the SMFPDA ‘authoritarian attitudes’, ‘insensi-tivity and inconsistency in relations’, and ‘lack of harmony in parental relations’ were significantly higher (p=0.000, p=0.000, p=0.001) in their family environment. When students who had tried alcohol were compared to the ones who had not, it was found that the ‘emotional’ subscale of FSAD was significantly lower (p=0.044) and that there were significantly more ‘authoritarian attitudes’, ‘lack of harmony in parental relations’, and ‘loose boundaries and abuse in relations’ according to SMFPDA (p=0.000, p=0.000, p=0.002). The results of multiple regression analysis showed that ‘age’ is a predictor for ‘cigarette use’ (β=0.193, t=2.474, p=0.014), and the predictors for ‘the frequency of smoking’ are ‘gender’ (β=-0.196, t=-2.814, p=0.004) and ‘alcohol use’ (β=0.153, t=2.192, p=0.030). ‘Nationality’ (β=-0.227, t=-2.958, p=0.004) and ‘total score of FSAD’ (β=0.259, t=2.473, p=0.014) were found to be predictors for ‘alcohol use’, and the predictors for ‘frequency of alcohol use’ were the ‘total score of SMFPDA’ (β =0.418, t=1.976, p=0.000), ‘nationality’ (β=-0.259, t=-3.514, p=0.001), ‘total score of FSAD’ (β=0.229, t=4.161, p=0.025) and ‘cigarette use’ (β=0.140, t=2.267, p=0.050). Discussion: The results show us that young people who have tried cigarettes or alcohol perceive their family environment more negatively. Prevention studies for cigarette and alcohol use should continue during university education and the effects of the family should be taken into consideration in these studies.

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