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Yıl:2008; Cilt: 45; Sayı: 3>> Özet
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Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2008;45(3):85-91
Gebelikte Sosyodemografik Değişkenlerin Kaygı ve Depresyon Düzeyleriyle İlişkisi
E Akbaş, O Vırıt, A Kalenderoğlu, HA Savaş, G Sertbaş
Yeşilyurt Hasan Çalık Devlet Hastanesi, Malatya
Amaç: Gebelik kadının yaşamında birçok biyolojik ve psikososyal değişikliklerin olduğu bir dönemdir ve depresyon ve kaygı için önemli risk etkenlerini içerir. Biz bu çalışmamızda gebelikte sosyodemografik özelliklerin depresyon ve kaygı düzeyleri ile ilişkisini araştırmayı amaçladık.
Yöntem: Araştırma Sağlık Bakanlığı’na bağlı Malatya Devlet Hastanesi Gebe Polikliniğine 20 Ekim 2005 ve 20 Ocak 2006 tarihleri arasında başvuran, 36 hafta ve üzerinde olan 104 gebe ile yapılmıştır. Değerlendirmede Gebe Bilgi Formu (GBF), Beck Depresyon Ölçeği (BDÖ), Durumluk Kaygı Ölçeği (DKÖ), Sürekli Kaygı Ölçeği (SKÖ) kullanılmıştır.
Bulgular: Gebelerin ortalama yaşı 27.02±5.61’dir. BDÖ puan ortalaması 20.91± 8.52 olarak bulundu ve bu ölçeğe göre %42.3 gebe hafif, %39.4 gebe orta ve %18.3 gebe şiddetli düzeyde depresif belirtiye sahipti. DKÖ puan ortalaması 40.10±4.24 idi ve %17.3 kaygı taşımayan, %47.1 hafif kaygı ve %35.6 yüksek kaygı taşıyan gebe vardı. SKÖ puan ortalaması ise 48.94±4.26 idi ve bu ölçeğe göre ise %9.6 hafif ve %90.4 yüksek düzeyde kaygı taşıyan gebe vardı. BDÖ puanı ile eğitim seviyesi arasında negatif, evlilik süresi ile pozitif bir bağıntı vardı. Geniş ailede yaşayanların ve ilk gebeliği olanların BDÖ puanları daha düşüktü (p<0.05). İlk gebeliğinde olanların DKÖ puanı daha yüksekti ve geniş ailede yaşayanların DKÖ puanı daha yüksekti (p<0.05).
Tartışma: Gebelerde önemli düzeyde kaygı ve depresyon belirtisi mevcuttu ve bunlar bazı sosyodemografik değişkenlerle ilişkili idi. Bir gebenin tıbbi değerlendirmesi yapılırken fiziksel değerlendirme ile beraber psikiyatrik ve sosyodemografik özelliklerin de göz önüne alınması ve bütüncül bir yaklaşım gereklidir.
Association Between Sociodemographic Variables with the Levels of Depression and Anxiety in Pregnancy
Objective: Pregnancy constitutes a time of significant life change requiring major biological and psychosocial adjustments, and includes many risk factors for depression and anxiety. We aimed to investigate the association between sociodemographic variables with the levels of depressive and anxiety symptoms in pregnancy in the present study.
Method: The study was conducted between 20 October 2005 and 20 January 2006 on 104 pregnant women, whose pregnancies were 36 weeks and over, admitted to the outpatient clinic of the Health Ministry Malatya State Hospital Pregnancy Unit. Pregnancy Information Tool (PIT), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), State Anxiety Inventory (SAI) and Trait Anxiety Inventory (TAI) were used.
Results: The mean age of the pregnant women were 27.02±5.61. The mean score of BDI was 20.91±8.52, and of the pregnant women; 42.3% had mild, 39.4% had moderate and 18.3% had severe depressive symptoms. The mean score of SAI was 40.10±4.24, and according to this inventory, of the pregnant women, 17.3% had no anxiety, 47.1% had mild and 35.6% had severe anxiety. The mean score of TAI was 48.94±4.26; and according to this inventory, 9.6% of the pregnant women had mild and 90.4% had severe anxiety. BDI was negatively correlated with the level of education and positively correlated with the marriage duration. BDI scores of pregnant women were lower in who were living in a large family, and women in the first pregnancy had lower BDI scores (p<0.05). Pregnant women who were in the first pregnancy had higher SAI scores. The SAI score of pregnant women who were living in a large family were higher (p<0.05).
Discussion: Pregnant women had high levels of depressive and anxiety symptoms, which were associated with some sociodemographic variables. When pregnant women are medically examined, psychiatric and sociodemographic variables in addition to physical examination would provide a holistic approach. (

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