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Yıl:2003; Cilt: 10; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Çocuk ve Gençlik Ruh Sağlığı Dergisi; 2003;10(1):3-8
Ayrılık Kaygısı Bozukluğu Olan Çocuklarda Sosyodemografik ve Klinik Özellikler
SEÇ Kültür, A Tiryaki, F Ünal
Hacettepe Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi\r\nÇocuk Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Anabilim Dalı,\r\nAnkara
Amaç: Ayrılık Kaygısı Bozukluğu'nun temel özelliği bireyin evden ya da evde bağlandığı kişiden ayrılmasına bağlı aşırı anksiyetenin olmasıdır. Bu çalışmada, sık görülen bu bozukluğa ilişkin sos-yodemografik ve klinik değişkenlerin incelenmesi hedeflenmiştir. Yöntem: Hacettepe Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Çocuk Ruh Sağlığı Anabilim Dalı'na 10 yıl içinde başvurup Ayrılık Kaygısı Bozukluğu tanısı konan 166 çocuk geriye dönük olarak incelenmiştir. Çalışmada çocuklara ve ailelerine ilişkin sosyo-demografik verilerin yanı sıra klinik değişkenler de ele alınmıştır. Bulgular: Yakınmaların başlama yaşı ortalama 7.7±2.9 yıl olarak saptanmıştır. En sık başvuru yakınmasının %53 (s:88) oranıyla okula gitmeme ya da okula gitmek istememe olduğu ve somatik yakınmaların çocukların %19'unda (s:33) ön planda olduğu görülmüştür. Somatik yakınmalar kız çocuklarda erkeklere göre daha sık bulunmuştur (p:0.015). Tanı konulmasında gecikme oranı somatik belirtisi olanlarda, olmayanlara göre daha yüksektir (p:0.015). Okula gidemeyen çocuklar içinde, annesi ev kadını olanların okula gidemediği süre (10.0±15.7 gün) annesi çalışanlara (3.6±6.6 gün) göre daha yüksek bulunmuştur (p:0.01). Tartışma: Bu çalışmanın sonuçları, Ayrılık Anksiyetesi Bozukluğu kliniğinin annenin çalışma durumu gibi çevresel etkenlerle görünüm değiştirebildiğini göstermektedir. Somatik belirti­lerin öne çıktığı durumlarda ortaya çıkan tanıdaki gecikmelerin, hekimlerde bu bozukluk konusun­daki farkındalığm artması ile önlenebileceği ileri sürülmüştür. Gelecekteki çalışmaların Ayrılık Anksiyetesi Bozukluğu'nun risk etmenleri ve tedavisine odaklanması gerektiği düşünülmüştür.
Demographic and Clinical Characteristics in Children with Separation Anxiety Disorder
Objective: Primary feature of separation anxiety disorder is being overanxious due to separation from home or people to whom the child is attached. The goal of this article is to investigate the demographic and clinical characteristics of separation anxiety disorder. Method: Children who applied to Hacettepe University Medical Faculty Child Psychiatry Department between 1982 and 1992 have been evaluated retrospectively. Along with demographic features of these children several clinical variables were considered in this article. Results: The mean age of the children when the first complaints were appeared was 7.7±2.9 [year]s. It was found that the most common referral symptom was school refusal (53%, n:88). Somatic complaints were seen in 19 % of children (n:33) as a chief complaint. Somatic complaints were more common in girls than in boys (p:0.015). The ratio of delayed diagnosis was higher in children with somatic complaints than others (p:0.015). Irregular attendance at school was more frequent in children whose mothers were housewifes (p:0.01). Conclusions: The results of the study indicates that the clinical expression of Separation Anxiety Disorder might be effected with environmental factors like the occcupational status of mother. It was concluded that the delay in the diagnosis of children with somatic complaints could be prevented through increased awareness of the physicians about this disorder. It was suggested that future studies should focus on risk factors and treatment of separation anxiety disorder.

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