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Yıl:2008; Cilt: 2; Sayı: 1>> Özet
Klinik Aktüel Tıp NöroPsikiyatri Forumu; 2008;2(1):19-27
Parkinson Hastalığı
H Apaydın
İstanbul Ü. Cerrahpaşa Tıp Fak. Nöroloji ABD, İstanbul
Parkinson hastalığı (PH) sinsi başlangıçlı, ilerleyici, kronik bir hastalık olup ilk kez 1817 yılında James Parkinson tarafından "Titrek Felç" (An Essay on the Shaking Palsy) isimli kitapta tanımlanmıştır. Klinik olarak bradikinezi, istirahat tremoru, kas sertliği (rijidite), duruş ve denge kusurlarının yanı sıra hareket sistemiyle ilişkisiz bir dizi belirtiyle şekillenir. PH klinik muayene ile tanısı konulan ve esansiyel tre-mordan sonra en sık rastlanan hareket bozukluğudur. Parkinsonizm başlığı altında toplanan hastalıklar PH semptomlarının başka nedenlerden ileri geldiği durumları içerir. Patolojik olarak beyin sapında subs-tansiya nigra çekirdeklerinin kompakta parçasında dopamin üreten nöronların dejenerasyonu ve sitoplazmalarında Lewy cisimciklerinin oluşması ile tanımlanır. PH başlangıç yaşı ortalaması 57 olup toplumda görülme sıklığı yaş ilerledikçe artar. PH tüm dünyada yaygın olarak görülür, tahmini insidansı yılda 100 binde 4,5 ila 19 kişide görülmesidir.

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