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Yıl:2007; Cilt: 45; Sayı: 3>> Özet
TAM METİN
Yeni Symposium; 2007;45(3):134-140
Stres ve Beyindeki Etkileri: Bir Gözden Geçirme
A Kılıçoğlu
Osmangazi Üniversitesi Tıp Fak. Psikiyatri Anabilim Dalı, Eskişehir
Günlük yaşamın bir parçası olan stres bizi pek çok yönden etkiler ve bâzı fizyolojik ve davranışsal
tepkilere yol açar. Beynimiz bu tepkilerin koordinasyonunu sağlarken bir yandan da stresin etkisiyle
değişime uğrar. Hayvan ve insan çalışmaları, stresin beynin çeşitli bölgelerinde geri dönüşlü veya
geri dönüşsüz olarak değişikliklere neden olduğunu göstermiştir. En çok etkilenen bölgeler hippokampus,
amigdala ve prefrontal korteks gibi görünmektedir. Beynin üzerinde en fazla çalışılmış
kısmı olan hippokampus uzamış strese karşılık atrofi bulguları göstermektedir. Bu nöroplastik de-
ğişim en fazla glukokortikoidler olmak üzere noradrenalin, glutamat, serotonin ve başka pek çok
çalışılmış veya henüz çalışılmamış molekülün etkisiyle, âhenk içinde gerçekleşmektedir. Bu süreçte
tüm bu moleküller birbirlerini etkileyerek nöronlarda ve glial hücrelerde değişime yol açmaktadır.
Bu adaptif plastisite hayvan ve insanlarda stres kaynaklarının öğrenilmesi ve baş edilmesi açısından
önemlidir ve muhtemelen bedenin bu streslerden en az zararı görmesini amaçlamaktadır. Ancak,
erken yaşam stresleri ve uzun süreli stresle de bu adaptif mekanizma çeşitli psikiyatrik ve fiziksel
hastalıklara zemin hazırlayabilmektedir. Erken yaşam streslerinin beyin gelişimini etkilediği ve erişkinlikte
de bunun devam ettiği gösterilmiştir. Bu, psikiyatrik hastalıkların patofizyolojisinin anlaşılması
ve tedavi edilebilmesi ve hâttâ önlenebilmesi için önemli bir gelişmedir. Stresin beyine etkisi
daha çok hayvanlar üzerinde çalışılmıştır ancak, hastalıklara odaklanan insan çalışmaları da bulunmaktadı
r. Bu yazıda stresin beynimizdeki etkileriyle ilgili son dönemdeki yayınlar gözden geçirilmekte
ve bu konudaki gelişmeler özet olarak sunulmaktadır.
Stress and Its Influences to Brain: A Review
Stress, as a part of our daily life, influences us in many aspects and causes physiological and behavioral
responses. While coordinating these responses, our brain also changes because of the effect
of stress. Human and animal studies have shown that stress causes reversible or irreversible changes
in the brain. Hippocampus, amygdala and prefrontal cortex seem to be the most effected parts
of the brain. Being the mostly studied part of the brain, hippocampus shows atrophy signs when
it is exposed to prolonged stress and this neuroplastic change occurs in harmony with mostly glucocorticoids
and noradrenaline, glutamate, serotonin and other many molecules which have been
studied yet or not. In this process all of these molecules affect each other and cause changes in neurons
and glial cells. This adaptive plasticity is important for learning stress sources and coping
with them and probably aims to help the body suffer least from such a stress. But early life stresses
and prolonged stress with this adaptive mechanism may form a background for psychiatric and
physical diseases. It’s shown that early life stresses can affect brain development and this effect goes
on in adulthood too, this is an important issue in order to understand the pathophysiology of
the psychiatric diseases and may help us to find solutions to treat or even to prevent these diseases.
The influence of stress to the brain is studied mostly with animals but there are also human
studies focusing on diseases. In this paper the latest published materials about this subject is reviewed
and developments are presented as a summary.

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