Dergi Ara >>
Yıl:2006; Cilt: 7; Sayı: 3>> Özet
TAM METİN
Bağımlılık Dergisi; 2006;7(3):135-139
Gamma Glutamil Transferaz Düzeyi Yüksek Alkol Bağımlılarının Özellikleri
H Mırsal, ÖA Kalyoncu, Ö Pektaş, Y Genç, Ö Öztürk, G Köroğlu, D Tan, M Beyazyürek
Balıklı Rum Hastanesi Vakfı, Anatolia Klinikleri, İstanbul
Amaç: Alkol kullanımını belirlemek için en sık kullanılan
biyolojik belirleyici Gamma glutamil transferazdır (GGT). Kronik
alkol kullanımı sırasında serum GGT düzeyleri sıklıkla artar. Bu artışın
GGT yapımının artması ve/veya kronik alkol alımının karaciğer
hücrelerini tahrip ederek GGT sızıntısı oluşturmasına bağlı olduğu
sanılmaktadır Bu çalışmada serum GGT düzeyi yüksek ( >150 U/L )
olan bağımlıların sosyodemografik, klinik özellikleri ve laboratuvar
bulguları araştırılmıştır.
Yöntem: Çalışmaya DSM-IV tanı ölçütlerine göre Alkol bağımlılığı
tanısı ile kliniğe sıra ile yatan 104 hasta alınmıştır. Hastaların
ayrıntılı sosyodemografik ve klinik özellikleri belirlenmiş, alkol bağımlılığının
yaşam boyu şiddetini ölçmek için Michigan Alkolizm
Tarama Testi (MATT) uygulanmıştır. Alkol kullanımının biyolojik etkilerini
saptamak için hastalar ilk geldiklerinde aç olarak gamma
glutamil transferaz, alanin amine transferaz (ALT), aspartat aminotransferaz
(AST), ortalama eritrosit hacmi (MCV), total kolesterol,
trigliserid, yüksek yoğunluklu lipoprotein (HDL), düşük yoğunluklu
liporotein (LDL), çok düşük yoğunluklu lipoprotein (VLDL) ve ürik
asit düzeyleri için kan alınmıştır. Hastalar GGT düzeylerine iki gruba
ayrılmış (150 ve üzeri yüksek, altı düşük) ve istatistik işlemler bu iki
grup arasında ki-kare, t-student testi kullanılarak yapılmıştır.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya 85 (% 81,7) erkek 19 (%18,3) kadın hasta
alınmıştır. Yaş ortalaması 43,84 (sd= 9,42)’dir. GGT düzeyi yüksek
olanları oranı % 30,7 (n=32), düşük olanların ise %69,3 (n=72) olarak
bulunmuştur. GGT yüksek olan grubun yaş ortalaması da yüksektir
(42,41 sd=8,62; 47,00 sd=10,42). GGT yüksek ve GGT düşük
grup arasında klinik özellikler açısından yapılan değerlendirmelerde
gruplara göre ortalama ve istatistiki ifade; MATT (25.63 ss=4.20;
18.97 ss=3.57 t=8.30 p<0.01) yıl olarak alkol kullanma süresi (28.22
ss=9.22; 19.17 ss=9.56; t=4.41 p<0.01); yıl olarak sorun yaşama süresi
(ortalama=13.06 ss=6.38; ortalama=8.97 ss=4.67 t=4.35 p<0.01)),
günlük tüketilen standart içki miktarı (ortalama=14.69 ss=4.56; ortalama=
11.58 ss=5.08 p<0.01) şeklinde olup anlamlı istatistiksel farklılık
vardır. Biyolojik belirleyiciler açısından yapılan değerlendirmelerde
gruplara göre sırasıyla ortalama ve istatistiki ifade; AST (78.19
ss=49.18; 34.34 ss=25.18 t=6.01 p<0.01); ALT (71.88 ss=54.82; 29.47
16.27 t=6.03 p<0.01); MCV (101.97 ss=2.36; 91.75 ss=2.53 t=19.40
p<0.01); total kolesterol (230.91 ss=94.21; 182.42 ss=40.23 t=3.69
p<0.01) şeklindedir ve bu değişkenler iki grup arasında anlamlı istatistiksel
farklılık göstermektedir.
Sonuç: Klinik özellikler açısından yaşam boyu alkol bağımlılığının
şiddetinin GGT düzeyi üzerinde etkili olduğu, bu nedenle
MATT’nin alkolün oluşturduğu biyolojik zararları tahmin etmede
kullanılabileceği anlaşılmaktadır. Biyolojik belirleyiciler açısından yapılan
değerlendirmelerde AST, ALT, MCV ve Total kolesterolün GGT
ile paralel yükseklikte bulunması biyolojik hasarların saptanmasında
bu belirleyicilerin de kullanılabileceğini düşündürmektedir.
Characteristics of Alcohol Dependent Patients with Increased Gamma Glutamyl Transferase Levels
Objective: The major biological factor to determine alcohol
use is Gamma Glutamyl Transferase (GGT). GGT level in
blood increases during chronic alcohol use. This is related to
increase in the production of GGT and/or the leakage of GGT
after liver destruction due to chronic alcohol use. In this study,
sociodemographic characteristics and laboratory tests in alcohol
dependent patients with increased GGT levels (>150 U/L) were
investigated.
Method: A total of 104 patients meeting DSM-IV criteria for
alcohol dependence were enrolled for study. After the sociodemographic
and clinical characteristics of patients determined,
life-time severity of alcohol dependence was measured by Michigan
Alcoholism Screening Test (MATT). Gamma glutamyl transferase
(GGT), alanine amine transferase (ALT), aspartate amine
transferase (AST), mean corpuscular volume (MCV), total cholesterol,
triglyceride, high density lipoprotein (HDL), low density
lipoprotein (LDL), very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) and uric
acid levels in blood were measured at starvation. The patients
were divided into two groups in the basis of their GGT levels as
those with more than and those with less than 150 mg/dl. For
statistical analyses, chi-square and t-student tests were applied.
Results: 85 male (%81.7) and 19 female (%18.3) patients
were included in the study. Their mean age was 43.84 (sd=
9.42). The rates of those with increased and decreased GGT levels
were found to be %30.7 (n=32) and %69.3 (n=72), respectively.
The mean age of those with increased GGT levels was
also high (42.41 sd=8.62; 47.00 sd=10.42). In these groups, the
mean values and statistical results based on their clinical characteristics
were found as ; MATT (25.63 ss=4.20; 18.97 ss=3.57
t=8.30 p<0.01), period for alcohol use annually (28.22 ss=9.22;
19.17 ss=9.56; t=4.41 p<0.01), period for having problems annually
(mean=13.06 ss=6.38; mean=8.97 ss=4.67 t=4.35 p<0.01)),
daily alcohol consumption in quantity (mean=14.69 ss=4.56;
mean=11.58 ss=5.08 p<0.01). On the other hand, the mean values
and statistical results based on biological determinants were
fond as; AST (78.19 ss=49.18; 34.34 ss=25.18 t=6.01 p<0.01);
ALT (71.88 ss=54.82; 29.47 16.27 t=6.03 p<0.01); MCV (101.97
ss=2.36; 91.75 ss=2.53 t=19.40 p<0.01); total cholesterol (230.91
ss=94.21; 182.42 ss=40.23 t=3.69 p<0.01). For all of these variables,
the statistical differences were significant.
Conclusion: It was understood that the severity of alcohol
dependence was effective on blood GGT level. For this reason,
MATT may be used to estimate biological damages caused by alcohol
use. In addition, AST, ALT, MCV and total cholesterol levels
may also be used for the same purpose because these increase
concurrently with GGT.

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