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Yıl:2006; Cilt: 16; Sayı: 4>> Özet
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Klinik Psikofarmakoloji Bülteni; 2006;16(4):239-244
Şizofreni tedavisinin yıllık maliyeti: Bir üniversite hastanesi verilerinden yapılan hesaplama
M Yıldız, C Cerit
Kocaeli Ü. Tıp Fak. Psikiyatri AD, Kocaeli
Amaç: Türkiye’de şizofreninin yıllık tedavi maliyetinin ne kadar olduğu bilinmemektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı bir üniversite hastanesinde tedavi gören şizofreni hastalarının tedavi masraşarını hesaplayarak şizofreni tedavisinin yıllık maliyetinin ne olabileceğini kestirmektir. Yöntem: Ocak 2001-Aralık 2003 tarihleri arasında Kocaeli Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Psikiyatri Kliniğinde yatarak tedavi gören şizofreni hastaları nın ve ayaktan tedavi görüp en az bir yıl süreyle tedaviye uyumlu olan hastaların dosya kayıtları incelenerek tedavi maliyetleri hesaplandı. Yatarak tedavi görmenin ortalama maliyeti ile yıllık ortalama yatış sayısı çarpılarak yıllık yatarak tedavi maliyeti çıkarıldı. Ayaktan tedavi gören hastaların ilaç ve diğer tedavi giderleri de hesaplanarak ortalaması bulundu. Ayaktan ve yatarak tedavi maliyetlerinin toplamı doğrudan maliyet olarak hesaplandı. Nüfusu ortalama 70 milyon olan Türkiye’de şizofreninin yaygınlığı %0.5 kabul edilerek, ortalama hasta sayısı bulunan maliyetle çarpıldı ve yıllık tedavi maliyeti hesaplandı.

Bulgular: Üç yıl içerisinde yatarak tedavi gören 31 hastanın ve ayaktan tedavi gören 57 hastanın dosya kayıtları değerlendirmeye alındı. Hastalık süresi ortalama 9.4 yıl, hastane yatış sayısı ortalama 1.4 ve hastanede yatış günü ortalama 37.4 idi. Bir şizofreni hastası için yatarak maliyet ortalama 1091 Amerikan doları (USD), günlük yatış maliyeti ise 29.16 USD bulundu. Yıllık yatış maliyeti 160 USD olarak hesaplandı. Ayaktan tedavi gören bir hasta için yıllık tedavi maliyeti ortalama 1600 USD bulundu. Ayaktan tedavi maliyetinin %94.3’ünü, yatarak tedavi maliyetinin %21.1’ini ilaç maliyeti oluşturmuştur. Bir hasta için yıllık tedavi maliyeti yaklaşık 1760 USD bulundu. Şizofreni tedavisinin Türkiye için toplam maliyeti ise 616 milyon USD olarak hesaplandı.

Sonuç: Şizofreninin yıllık tedavi maliyeti gelişmiş ülkelere göre biraz düşük gibi görünmektedir. Maliyetin önemli bir kısmını ilaç masraşarı nın oluşturması ruhsal tedavi, rehabilitasyon, ev ziyaretleri gibi tedavide gereken diğer hizmetlerin yetersizliği sonucu olarak yorumlanabilir.
Annual cost of treatment for schizophrenia: Estimation from a university hospital data in Turkey
Objective: The annual cost of treatment for schizophrenia is unknownin Turkey. The goal of this study was to estimate the annual cost oftreatment for schizophrenia by calculating the expenditures ofschizophrenia patients treated at a university hospital.Method: The authors analyzed the data of schizophrenia patientstreated in the inpatient and outpatient psychiatry clinics of the KocaeliUniversity Hospital between January, 2001 and December, 2003.Inclusion criteria for the outpatients was treatment-compliance for atleast one [year] in the study period. The average annual treatment costfor an inpatient was calculated by multipliying the mean number ofhospitalization by the average inpatient expenditure. The averageannual outpatient cost was calculated by adding the drug and othertreatment expenditures. Outpatient and inpatient expenditures weresummed to calculate the direct annual cost. The national direct annualcost of treatment for schizophrenia was calculated by multipliying theannual cost per patient by the prevalence of schizophrenia (0.5%) inTurkey, a country with an average 70 million population.Results: The records of the 31 inpatients and 57 outpatients werereviewed. The mean duration of illness was 9.4 [year]s, mean numberof hospitalization was 1.4, and mean duration of hospitalization was37.4 days. The average cost of inpatient treatment for a patient was1,091 US dollars, and the cost of inpatient hospitalization for each daywas 29.16 US dollars. The cost of annual inpatient treatment wascalculated as 160 US dollars. The average cost of outpatient treatmentwas found to be 1,600 US dollars. The cost of drug treatmentconstituted 94.32% of the total outpatient and 21.11% of the totalinpatient treatment expenditures. The annual treatment cost for apatient was found to be 1,760 US dollars. The total direct annual costwas calculated as 616 million US dollars for Turkey.Conclusions: The annual cost of treatment for schizophrenia in Turkeyseems to be lower than those in developed countries. The fact thatmedication expenditures constitutes an important part of the totalexpenses can be interpreted as resulting from insufficiency of othermodalities (e.g. psychotherapies, rehabilitation services, home visits)necessary for the treatment of schizophrenia.

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