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Yıl:2006; Cilt: 43; Sayı: 1-4>> Özet
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Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2006;43(1-4):24-26
Botulinum Toksini ile Yüz Uygulamaları: Hemifasyal Spazm ve Blefarospazmın Tedavisi
YG Parman, Z Matur
İstanbul Üniversitesi İstanbul Tıp Fakültesi, Nöroloji Anabilim Dalı
HFS fasyal sinir tarafından innerve edilen mimik kaslarının tonik veya klonik özellikte intermitant olarak kasılmasıdır. Genellikle erişkinlerde görülür. Önce tek taraflı olarak peri­orbital yerleşimlidir, daha sonra zamanla aynı taraf yüz kaslarına yayılır. Blefarospazm orbilülaris oküli kasının iki yanlı istemsiz olarak kasılmasıyla ortaya çıkan bir fokal distonidir. İleri yaşların hastalığıdır. Servikal distoniden sonra en sık görülen distoni türüdür. A tipi Botulinum toksi­ni (BT-A) 80'li yılların ortalarından bu yana hemifasyal spazm (HFS) ve blefarospazm (BPS) tedavisinde ilk tercih edilen tedavi şeklidir.
Botulinum Toxin Type-A Applications for Face: Treatment of Hemifacial spasm and Blepharospasm
Hemifacial spasm (HFS) is a syndrome of involuntary, intermittent, tonic or clonic contraction of one or more mus­cles innervated by the seventh cranial nerve (CN VII) It occurs almost exclusively in adults, and usually initially affects the periorbital muscles (orbicularis oculi) unilateral­ly. Blepharospasm (BPS) is the involuntary contraction of the orbicularis oculi and is the most common focal dysto­nia after cervical dystonia. The treatment of choice for most cases of HFS and BPS is botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) injection BTX-A acts on the neuromuscular junc­tion presynaptically, by inhibiting the release of acetyl­choline, resulting in localized muscle weakening and reduction in the muscle spasms.

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