Dergi Ara >>
Yıl:2003; Cilt: 4; Sayı: 2>> Özet
TAM METİN
Bağımlılık Dergisi; 2003;4(2):81-87
Madde bağımlılığının psikofarmakolojik özellikleri
E Sağlam, Tİ Uzbay, M Beyazyürek
Maltepe Üniversitesi Tıp Fak. Farmakoloji ve Klinik Farmakoloji A.D.
Madde bağımlılığının psikofarmakolojisinin büyük kısmında dopamin nörotransmisyonun aracılık yaptığı düşünülmektedir. Bununla beraber madde bağımlılığındaki nöronal sistemin düzenlenmesinde GABA, serotonin ve nitric reseptörler gibi santral sinir sistemindeki diğer reseptörlerdeki nörotransmisyon rol alabilir.

Madde bağımlılığındaki psikofarmakolojik çalışma lar kötüye kullanım ve ödüllendirmenin ortak hücresel ve moleküler mekanizmalara sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Nükleus akkumbens gibi mesokortiko – limbik dopamin yolağının beynin “haz alma merkezi” olduğu kabul edilmektedir. Alkol, opioidler, amfetaminler, sedatif – hipnotikler ve nikotin mesolimbik dopaminerjik sistem üzerinde etkiye sahiptir.

Dopamin, serotonin, GABA, norepinefrin sistemleri ile etkileşen psikotropik ilaçlar madde bağımlılığının tedavisi ile ilgili olabilir. Bu sistemler etkili ve yeni ilaçların geliştirilmesinde hedef olarak dikkate alınmaktadır. Bununla birlikte nitrik oksit sentetaz inhibitörleri madde bağımlılığı tedavisinde bir rol alabilir. Bu yazıda biz ilgili literatürü göz- den geçirdik.
Psychopharmacologic Characteristics of Substance Dependence
Dopamin neurotransmission is thought to mediate in large part the psychopharmacology of substance dependence. However, neurotransmission at other receptors in central nervous system (CNS), as GABA, serotonin, and nitric receptors may be involved in regulating neuronal systems in substance dependence.

Psychopharmacologic studies in substance depen- dence show that abuse and reward have common cellular and molecular mechanisms. It is considered that mesocortico-limbic dopamin pathway like n.accumbens is the ‘’pleasure center’’ of the brain. Alcohol, opioids, amphetamines, sedative-hypnotics and nicotine all have an impact on this mesolimbic dopaminergic system.

Psychotropic drugs that interact with dopamin,se- rotonin,GABA,and norepinephrine systems may be involved in the treatment of substance dependence.Thus, these systems are considered as targets in the development of effective and new drugs. Moreover, inhibitors of nitric oxide synthetase could play a role in the treatment and substance dependence. In this article, we rewieved the related literature.

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