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Yıl:1991; Cilt: 1; Sayı: 2>> Özet
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Klinik Psikofarmakoloji Bülteni; 1991;1(2):23-33
Parkinsonlularda Ruhsal Bozuklukların Araştırılması ve Çeşitli Antiparkinsonien İlaçlarla Tedaviye Yanıtların Karşılaştırılması
H Aksoy, M Çetin, ME Ceylan, H Özöğretmen, N Tarhan
GATA Haydarpaşa Eğitim Hastanesi, İstanbul
GATA Nöroloji ABD Parkinson Polikliniğince ayaktan takip edilen gönüllü 34 erkek ve 21 bayan, demans gelişmemiş idipotik parkinsonlu hasta, parkinson hastalarında sık görülen ruhsal bozuklukların belirlenmesi amacıyla araştırma grubunu oluştururlarken; Fizik Tedavi ve Rehabilitasyon ABD Polikliniğince ayaktan takip edilen ve dejeneratif artroz yakınmalan dışında hastalıklan olmayan, gönüllü 20 erkek ve 20 bayan hasta kontrol grubu-nu teşkil etti. Her iki grup hastalara da Semptom-distress Çeklist-90-R (=SCL-90-R), Beck Depresyon Envan-teri (BDI) ve Anlık-Sürekli Kaygı Envanteri (=State-Trait Anxiety lnventory=STAI)" ve sosyodemografik özelliklerini belirlemeye yönelik sorgulama formatı verildi. Bu hastalardan hastalık süreleri ortalama 7.6 yıl (3-22 yıl) olan 8'kadın, 17'si erkek 25 parkisonlu gönüllü hasta alınmış, Simpson ve Angus Skalasına göre değerlendirilmiştir, ve 12,5 ay takip, tedayi edflmişlerdir. Çalışmamıza aldığımız 25 hastânın 14'ünde (%56) antiparkinsoni-en tedavi ile düzelme görülmüştür. Özellikle bu 14 hasta-nın 13'ü kombine ilaç tedavisi görmüştür. Tek başına L-Dopa kullanan 4 hastanın yalnız 1'inde (yıllık parkinson hastası) önemli düzelme olmuş, diğer 3'ünde (ortalama 8 yıllık parkinson hastası) agrevaşyon görülmüştür. L-Dopa + Biperiden kombinasyonu kullanan 4 hastanın (ortalama 14 yıllık parkinson hastası) 3'ünde skalada belirgin düzelmenin olmaşı parkinsonun erken evrelerinde L-Dopa + Biperiden kombinasyonunun faydalı olabileceğini göstermiştir. L-Dopa + Bromokriptin kullanan 11 hasta ortalama 17.91- mg/gün bromokriptin + 539.77 mg/gün L-Dopa kullanmışlardır. Bunlar örtalama 9,5 yıl-lık parkinson hastasıdırlar. Bu tedavinin uygulandığı has-taların 8'inde belirgin düzelme olmuş, 2'si stabil kalmış 1 'inde belirtelerde artma görülmüştür. Rijiditede % 72.7, tremorda % 63.60, postürde %72.7, yürüyüşte % 72.7 oranında düzelme olmuştur.
Tedavi süresince hastalarda pek fazla yan etkiye rastlanmamış ve ilaçlann kesilmesini gerektirmemiştir. So-nuç olarak diyebiliriz ki, Parkinsonun erken devrelerinde hem L-Dopa hem de bromokriptin yalnız başına etkilidir. Fakat L-Dopa kullananlarda yan etkiler daha fazla olmaktadır. Kombine tedavilerde L-Dopa + Bromokriptin hem Araştırma grubu hastalarında kontrol grubuna göre SCL-90-R skorları depresyon ve anksiyete anlamlı olarak (P.<0.05) yüksek bulundu. Bu durum özellikle daha yaşlılarda, hastalık süresi uzun olanlarda, sosyoekonomik ve eğitim düzeyi düşük olanlarda, işsizlerde anlamlı olarak (P. <0.05) daha belirgindi.
Research of Psychiatric Disorders and Comparison of Treatment Response of Various Antiparkinsonian Drugs in Parkinsonism
While voluntary 34 male and 21 female demans undeveloped idiopatic parkinson outpatient being observed by Policlinic of Neurology
of Gulhane Military Medical Academy (GATA) were making the experiment group out, Voluntary 20 male and female patients having no disorders except degenerative arhrosis symptoms and also being observed by the Policlinic of Physical Treatment and Rehabilitation were considered by a control group.
Each patient group was given Symptom-distress Check List-90-R (SCL-90-R), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), State Trait Anxiaty Inventory (=STAI) and questationaire format which contains to define sociodemographic traits. Obtained data were compared with Ttest ond chi-square test.
Volentary 25 patients (8 women 17 men) whose age 52 and 79 (mean age 67) and illness durations were between 3 and 22 [year]s (mean duration 7.6 [year]s) with Parkinson's disease were included in the study.
The patients were treated and followed averagely for 12,5 [month]s.In 14 (% 56) of the 25 patients treated with antiparkinsonien drug therapy, an improvement was seen. 13 of those 14 patients were using combined therapy. In only (3 [year]-parkinson patients ) 1 of the 4 patients who were using only L-Dopa, a significant improvement occured, and an aggrevation occured in the other 3 patients (averagely 8 [year]-parkinson patients A significant improvement on the scale in 3 of 4 patients (averagely 14 [year]-parkinson patients) using L-Dopa + Biperiden combination showed L-Dopa + Biperiden cambination would be useful during the early phases of Parkinson. The patients who were using L-Dopa, the mean dosage was 539.77 mg/day. Those patients were 9,5 [year]-parkinson patients. 8 oaf those patients an improvement occured, 2 remained stable, and one showed increase in the findings. Improvements of 72.7 % in rigidity, 63.60 % in tremor, 72.7 % in posture and 72.7 % in walking were seen.
Patients in the experimental group have significantly (P<0.05) more Jgsychosomatic reactions, depression and anxiety than in the control group. This situation was more clear especially among the patients being divorced, unemployed, elders, living alone, having another systematic diseases, low socioeconomic status, and low educational level.
No significant side-effects were and withdrawal of drug was not heeded over treatment period. As a result, we can say that both L-Dopa and bromocriptin are effective in the early phases of Parkinson, but side-effects are more in the patients using L-Dopa. As to combined therapies, L-Dopa + Biperiden therapy is effective in the early phases, L-Dopa and Bromocriptin therapy is effective in early anld late phases an needs low dosage and the side-effects are less.

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