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Yıl:2021; Cilt: 58; Sayı: 2>> Özet
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Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 2021;58(2):121-127
Göçmen Kamplarında ve Yerli Nüfusta Uyuşturucu Kullanımı: ŞanlıurfaÖrneklemi
M N İlhan , İE Ertek , MG Gözükara , Ö Akıl , P Ursu ,T Ergüder , S Polat , MY Şimşek , M Aktaş , ÖB Gazanfer ,SÖ İlhan , H Kaptan
Gazi Üniversitesi, Ankara
Amaç: Türkiye, en fazla Suriyeli mülteci nüfusunu barındıran ülkedir. Bu çalışmada; Şanlıurfa il merkezinde yaşayan yerel halk ile göçmen kampında yaşayan mültecilerde tütün, alkol ve madde kullanımının yaygınlığının değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Kesitsel epidemiyolojik tipteki bu çalışmaya; göçmen kamplarında yaşayan mültecilerden 4040 (%67) ve şehir merkezinde yaşayan yerel halktan 2001 (%33) kişi olmak üzere toplam 6041 kişi alınmıştır. Yüz yüze yapılan görüşmeler Arapça bilen anketörler tarafından yapılmış bunun sağlanamadığı durumlarda ise görüşmeye tercümanların katılımı sağlanmıştır. Yapılan görüşmelerde daha önce ülkemizde madde bağımlılığı taramalarında kullanılan anket formu kullanılmıştır. Seçilen örneklem sayısına göre Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu’ndan adrese dayalı seçilen ilçelerden oransal dağıtımla haneler seçilmiştir. Göçmen kamplarında ise örneklem sayısına göre rasgele sayılar tablosu kullanılarak seçilen çadırlarda görüşmeler yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Tütün kullanım oranı kamplarda %22,3 (n=902) merkezde %33,5 (n=670) bulunmuştur. Yaşam boyu alkol kullanım yaygınlığı kamplarda % 0,2, merkezde ise %3,5 olarak bulunmuştur. Yaşam boyu madde kullanım yaygınlığı kamplarda %2,6, merkezde %4,3 olarak bulunmuştur. En yaygın kullanılan madde türü esrardır. Kamplarda madde kullananların %45,7’si erkek, %54,3’ü kadınken; merkezde bu oranlar sırasıyla %64,4 ve %35,6 olarak bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Türkiye’de alkol ve madde kullanım oranları dünyadaki çoğu ülkeye kıyasla düşüktür. Madde kullanım oranı il merkezinde yaşayanlarda mülteci kamplarında yaşayanlardan daha yüksektir. Madde kullanımı, mülteciler de dahil olmak üzere toplumun her kesimini ilgilendiren önemli bir ruh sağlığı sorunudur. Madde kullanımıyla ilişkili özelliklerin ve tutumların belirlenmesi, koruyucu önlemlerle ilgili politikaların geliştirilmesine yardımcı olabilir
Substance Use in Refugee Camps and Local Community: Şanlıurfa Sample
Introduction: Although substance use has increased in recent years in Turkey, it is still lower than in other European countries. Turkey is home to the largest Syrian refugee population. In this study, it was aimed to evaluate the prevalence of tobacco, alcohol, and substance use among local people living in city centers and refugees living in refugee camps in Sanliurfa. Methods: The study was based on a cross-sectional epidemiologic survey conducted with a total of 6041 people, 4040 (67%) from camps and 2001 (33%) from districts. Face-to-face interviews were accompanied by local interviewers or interpreters who spoke Arabic, and a survey form used in our country for drug addiction screening was used. According to the number of samples selected, households with proportional distribution were chosen from the districts, which were selected from the address based from Turkish Statistical Institute. In the refugee camps, interviews were conducted in tents selected using a random numbers table according to the number of samples. Results: The lifetime prevalence of tobacco use was 22.3% (n=902) in the camps, whereas in the districts this rate was 33.5% (n=670). The lifetime prevalence of alcohol use was found as 0.2% in the camps and 3.5% in the districts. The lifetime prevalence of substance use was found as 2.6% in the camps and 4.3% in the districts. The most commonly used substance type was cannabis. Some 45.7% of the people who used a substance in the camps were male and 54.3% were female. In districts, these rates were 64.4% and 35.6%, respectively. Conclusion: Alcohol and substance use rates are low in Turkey compared with most countries in the world. Substance use in the city center is higher than in refugee camps in Sanliurfa. Substance use is a significant mental health problem that concerns every community including refugees. Identifying characteristics and attitudes related to substance use may help to improve policies regarding protective measures.

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