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Yıl:2020; Cilt: 21; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2020;21(1):61-69
Madde kullanım bozukluğunda bölgesel farklılıkların etkisi
A Koç, BR Erim, MH Boztaş
Bolu Abant İzzet Baysal Üniversitesi, Bolu
Amaç: Bu çalışmada madde kullanım bozukluğu hastalarının sosyodemografik ve klinik özellikleri açısından bölgesel farklılıkların belirlenmesi planlanmıştır. Yöntem: 2016 Ocak-2018 Haziran tarihleri arasında 557 madde bağımlılığı hastasının dosyaları geriye dönük olarak incelenmiştir. Hastaların yaş, eğitim, medeni durum, hastaneye başvuru sayısı, kullanılan madde çeşidi, madde kullanım süresi, yaşadığı il ve coğrafi bölge değerlendirilmiştir. Bulgular: Örneklemin yaş ortalaması 27.73±8.33 ve %97.1 i erkek, %65.7’si ilköğretim mezunu, %42.4’ü bekardı. Hastaların %63.2’si Batı Karadeniz (BKB), %15.4’ü İç Anadolu (İAB), %13.1’i Marmara Bölgesi (MB), %8.3’ü diğer bölgelerde yaşıyordu. İAB’de en sık çoklu madde (ÇM) kullanılırken, diğer tüm bölgelerde en sık kannabis (Kn) kullanılıyordu. En düşük maddeye başlangıç yaşı MB’de yaşayanlardaydı (aralık: 8-15 yaş). İlk kez tedaviye başvurma oranı en fazla BKB’de (%70), en düşük MB’deydi (%54). Tüm bölgelerde kendi isteği ile tedavi başvurusu diğer başvuru şekillerine göre daha fazlaydı. Tutuklu/hükümlü oranı ise BK’de diğer bölgelere göre düşüktür. Yaşanılan coğrafi bölgeler arasında ortalama madde kullanım süresi, ortalama yaş, ortalama başvuru sayısı açısından fark yoktu. Tartışma: Bu araştırmanın sonuçları daha önce yapılan çalışmalarla birlikte değerlendirildiğinde kullanılan maddenin ve başlangıç yaşının sadece yaşanan bölgeler arasında değil, aynı bölgede yıllar içinde de farklılaştığına işaret etmektedir. Bölgesel farklılıklar madde bağımlılığı ile mücadelede farklı stratejiler kullanılmasını gerektirebilir. Bu nedenle bu tip araştırmalar belli aralıklarla yinelenmeli, yeni izleme araçları kullanılmalıdır. (Anadolu Psikiyatri Derg 2020; 21(1):61-69)
The substance use disorder, regional differences
Objective: In this study, it was planned to determine regional differences in terms of sociodemographic and clinical features of patients with substance use disorder. Methods: The files of 557 patients diagnosed with substance dependence between January 2016 and June 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Age, education, marital status, number of hospital admissions, type of substance used, duration of substance use, province and geographical region of the patients were evaluated. Results: The mean age of 557 patients was 27.73±8.33 and 97.1% were male, 65.7% were primary school graduates and 42.4% were single. Of the patients, 63.2% were living in the Western Black Sea (WBS), 15.4% in the Central Anatolia (CA), 13.1% in the Marmara region (MR) and 8.3% in other regions. The most common multiple substance was used mostly cannabis (Cn) except CA. The age at onset of substance was the lowest on MR (8-15 years). In all regions, a request for voluntary treatment was more than the other forms of referral. The rate of detainees/convicts is lower in the WBS compared to other regions. There was no significant difference between the mean duration of substance use, age and number of applications in terms of geographical regions. Discussion: When the results of this study were evaluated together with the previous studies, it indicates that the substance used and the age of onset differed not only between the regions experienced but also within the same region over the years. Regional differences may require the use of different strategies to combat substance abuse. Therefore, such studies should be repeated at regular intervals and new monitoring tools should be used. (Anatolian Journal of Psychiatry 2020; 21(1):61-69)

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