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Yıl:2018; Cilt: 6; Sayı: 13>> Özet
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Nesne Psikoloji Dergisi; 2018;6(13):317-366
Sağlık Bilişleri Anketi (SBA)’nin Türkçe Versiyonunun Psikometrik Özelliklerinin İncelenmesi
Ö Yılmaz, G Dirik
MEF Üniversitesi, Ankara
Bu çalışmanın amacı, Sağlık Bilişleri Anketi (Health Cognitions Questionnaire)’nin Türkçeye çevrilmesi ve yetişkin örnekleminde psikometrik özelliklerinin değerlendirilmesidir. Hadjistavropoulos ve arkadaşları (2012) tarafından geliştirilen ölçek, sağlık kaygısıyla bağlantılı olan sağlıkla ilgili işlevsel olmayan inançları değerlendirmektedir. Çalışmanın örneklemini, fiziksel hastalık tanısı olan ve olmayan, 18-65 yaş arasındaki 343 kişi oluşturmaktadır (242 kadın, 100 erkek, 1 diğer). Katılımcılara Sosyodemografik Bilgi Formu, Sağlık Bilişleri Anketi, Hastane Anksiyete ve Depresyon Ölçeği, Hastalık Algısı Ölçeği-Kişisel Kontrol Faktörü, Sağlık Anksiyetesi Ölçeği-Kısa Form ve Hastalık Davranışını Değerlendirme Ölçeği uygulanmıştır. Yapılan açımlayıcı faktör analizleri sonucunda, ölçeğin fiziksel hastalık tanısı olan ve olmayan gruplara uygulanan her iki formunun da orijinalindekine uygun şekilde 4 faktörlü yapıya sahip olduğu ve benzer madde dağılımı gösterdiği bulunmuştur. Faktörler “hastalıkla baş etmede güçlük”, “tıbbi hizmetlerin yetersizliği”, “hastalığın korkutuculuğu” ve “hastalık olasılığı” şeklinde adlandırılmıştır. Ardından ölçeğin faktör yapısı doğrulayıcı faktör analizi ile de değerlendirilmiştir. Her iki grupta faktörlerin iç tutarlılık ve test tekrar test güvenirliği incelenmiştir ve bu değerlerin çoğunun tatminkâr düzeyde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Yapılan korelasyon ve regresyon analizlerinde, ölçeğin diğer ölçeklerle olan ilişkilerinin beklenen şekilde olduğu bulunmuştur. Bu bulgular, Sağlık Bilişleri Anketi’nin, Türkiye’de fiziksel hastalık tanısı olan ve olmayan kişilerin sağlıkla ilgili işlevsel olmayan inançlarını değerlendirmede güvenilir ve geçerli bir araç olduğunu desteklemektedir.
Examination of the Psychometric Properties of Health Cognitions Questionnaire (HCQ)’s Turkish Version
The aim of this study was to translate Health Cognitions Questionnaire into Turkish and evaluate its psychometric properties in adult sample. The scale developed by Hadjistavropoulos et al. (2012) measures health related dysfunctional beliefs which are related to health anxiety. Sample of this study consisted of 343 people aged between 18-65 who were with and without physical illness diagnosis (242 women, 100 men, 1 other). Sociodemographic Information Form, Health Cognitions Questionnaire, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, Illness Perception Questionnaire-Personal Control Factor, Health Anxiety Inventory-Short Version and Scale for the Assessment of Illness Behaviour were administered to the participants. Exploratory factor analyses showed that the scale has a 4 factor structure and item distribution compatible with the original versions in both groups. Factors were labeled as “difficulty coping with illness”, “medical services inadequacy”, “awfulness of illness” and “likelihood of illness”. Moreover, confirmatory factor analysis was conducted to evaluate the scale’s factor structure. In both groups internal consistency and test retest reliability of factors were examined and identified as having moderately satisfactory values. In correlation and regression analyses the scale has founded to have relationships with other scales in expected ways. Results show that Health Cognitions Questionnaires is a reliable and valid measure in evaluation of health related dysfunctional beliefs for people both with and without diagnosis in Turkey.

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