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Yıl:1996; Cilt: 33; Sayı: 2>> Özet
Nöropsikiyatri Arşivi; 1996;33(2):85-88
Gilles De La Tourette Sendromunda EEG Bulgularının Kekemelik ve Enürezis Noktuma Gruplarıyla Karşılaştırılması
A Sarp, BB Kurt, D Kınay, A Gökyiğit, A Çalışkan
Istanbul Üniversitesi Istanbul Tıp Fakültesi Nöroloji Anabilim Dalı\r\n
Gilles de la Tourette sendromunda (GTS) bildirilen EEG anomalileri oranı oldukça değişkendir. Önceki yıllarda yapılan çalışmalarda yüksek oranlar bildirilmişse de, son yıllardaki çalışmalarda elde edilen veriler bu sendromda rastlanılan EEG anomalisi sıklığının normal populasyondan farklı olmadığı yönündedir. Ayrıca GTS'da epilepsi olgularının normal populasyondan yüksek olduğunu bildiren çalışmalar da vardır. Çalışmamızda kliniğimiz EEG laboratuvarma GTS tanısı konarak gönderilmiş olan 69 GTS olgusunun EEG bulguları değerlendirilmiş ve kekemelik (KK) ile enürezis noktürna (EN) olgulanndaki EEG anomalileri ile karşılaştınlmıştır. Sonuçların değerlendirilmesinde "Fisher's exact test" kullanılmıştır.
4,5-26 yaşları arasındaki 54 erkek, 15 kadm 69 GTS olgusunun yaş ortalamaları 11.8 bulunmuştur. 3-15 yaşlan arasında 84 erkek, 21 kadın 105 KK olgusunun yaş ortalamaları 6,9 olarak saptanmıştır. 3,5-16 yaşlan arasındaki 92 erkek, 48 kadın 140 EN olgusunun yaş ortalamalan ise 9,8 dir. GTS grubunda EEG anomalisi saptanan 11 hastanın (% 15.9) sekizi nonspesifik yavaş dalga (% 11.6), üçü epileptiform anomali (% 4.3) göstermiştir. GTS'lu hastalardan yalnızca birinde klinik olarak epilepsi mevcuttur. Bu hastanın EEG'sinde tipik epileptiform anomali görülmemiştir, ancak nonspesifik yavaş dalga aktivitesi saptanmıştır. KK grubundaki altı olgunun (% 5.7) birinde nonspesifik yavaş dalga (% 0.95), beşinde epileptiform tipte anomali tarzında (% 4.76) EEG bozukluğu bulunmuştur. EEG'sinde anomali saptanan dokuz primer EN olgusunun (% 6.4) ise üçünde nonspesifik yavaş dalga (% 2.1), altısında epileptiform tipte anomali gözlenmiştir (% 4,3). Bulgulanmıza göre GTS'da EEG anomalisi oranı diğer iki gruba göre anlamlı derecede yüksektir (p< 0.05). Bu farkı başlıca nonspesifik yavaş dalga anomalileri oluşturmaktadır. (p< 0.01). EEG'de gözlenen tipik epileptiform tipte anomaliler açısından her üç grup arasında anlamlı farklılık bulunmamışıtr.
EEG Characteristics of Gilles De La Tourette Syndrome As Compared With Enuresis Noctuma and Stammerer Cases
In Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS), various rates of EEG abnormalities have been reported. Although in previous studies a high incidence of EEG abnormalities were reported, recent studies suggest a similar rate with the normal population. On the other hand, some studies show that the incidance of epilepsy is higher in GTS patients, than in the normal population. In this study, EEG characteristics of 69 GTS cases were compared with stammerer (ST) and enuresis nocturna (EN) cases (105 and 140 patients respectively). Fisher's exact test was used for statistical analysis. Fifty four of the GTS cases were male. Their ages ranged between 4,5 and 26 [year]s (mean 12). Eighty four of the ST cases were male and 21 were female. Their ages ranged between 3 and 5 [year]s (mean 6,9). And there were 92 male and 48 female EN cases whose ages ranged between 3,5 and 16 [year]s (mean 9,8). In the GTS cases, there were 11 EEG abnormalities (15.9 %). Eight of these EEG abnormalities consisted ofnonspecific slow waves (11.6 %), while 3 showed epileptiform abnormalities (4.3 %). There were one epileptic patient in the GTS group. The patient's EEG showed nonspecific abnormality. In the ST cases, there were 6 EEG abnormalities (5.7 %). One of these had nonspecific slow wave pattern (0.95 %) and 5 of these showed epileptic abnormalities (4.76 %). Nine EEG abnormalities were present in the EN cases (6.4 %). Three of these were slow wave (2.1 %), while 6 were epileptic abnormalities (4.3 %). According to our results, the GTS group showed a higher rate of EEG abnormalities, when compared to the other two groups. This was statistically significant (p< 0.05). However, this significance was mainly based on the difference in the nonspecific EEG abnormalities (p< 0.01). The difference in the rate of epileptiform abnormalities was statistically insignificant.

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