Dergi Ara >>
Yıl:2018; Cilt: 9; Sayı: 2>> Özet
TAM METİN
Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Dergisi; 2018;9(2):135-146
Duygusal yeme, besin alımını etkileyen faktörler ve temel hemşirelik yaklaşımları
Y Serin, N Şanlıer
Gazi Üniversitesi, Ankara
Duygusal yeme; açlık hissi nedeniyle veya öğün zamanı geldiği için ya da sosyal gereklilik olduğu için değil sadece duygulanıma cevaben ortaya çıktığı varsayılan yeme davranışı olarak tanımlanmaktadır. Hormonlar, nörotransmitterler vb. nöropsikolojik etkenlerle beraber homeostazı sağlayan pek çok metabolik yolak ve hedonik sistemlerle yeme davranışı regüle edilebilmektedir. Belirli bir besine ya da maddeye karşı bağımlılığı ve/veya eğilimi olan kişilerde karakteristik olarak dopamin (DA) yetersizliği olabileceği görüşü mevcuttur. Duygusal ve kontrolsüz yeme davranışları bireylerin tekrarlayan vücut ağırlığı kazanımı için önemli bir risk faktörüdür. Duyguların yemek yeme işlevi, besin seçimi, besinin tüketim miktarı üzerinde etkili ve önemli bir faktör olduğu bilinmesine rağmen beslenme davranışını hangi yönde etkilediği konusunda net bir ilişki ortaya koyulamamıştır. Bu nedenle; bu derleme çalışmasında duygusal yeme ile ilişkili çeşitli kuramlardan, duyguların besin alımına etkisinden ve besin alımını etkileyen diğer faktörlerden (örn. hastalıklar, doğal afet, menstruasyon..vb), duygusal yeme davranışını saptamaya yönelik geliştirilen ölçeklerden ve yeme bozukluğu tedavisinde hemşirelerin temel sorumluluklarından söz edilmiştir. Anahtar Sözcükler: Beslenme davranışı; duygudurum, hemşirelik bakımı; yeme alışkanlığı; yeme bozuklukları
Emotional eating, the factors that affect food intake,and basic approaches to nursing care of patientswith eating disorders
Emotional eating is defined as an eating behavior that is hypothesized to occur as a response to emotions, not because of a feeling of hunger, closeness to meal time, or social necessity. Eating behavior can be regulated using metabolic methods that cause homeostasis, neuropsychological agents such as hormones and neurotransmitters, and hedonic systems. There is an opinion among scholars that the people who have an addiction and/or tendency to overeat specific nutrients or substances may have a shortage of dopamine (DA). Emotional and uncontrolled eating behavior is an important risk factor for recurrent weight gain. Although, emotions are known to be an influential factor on eating functions, food selection, and amount of food consumption, a clear relationship about what affects eating behavior has to date not been proven. Therefore, in this study, emotional factors that affect emotional eating and food intake, other factors affecting nutrient intake (i.e., diseases, natural disasters, menstruation), various theories related to emotional eating, the scales which developed to detect emotional eating behavior, and the basic responsibilities of nurses in the treatment of eating disorders are discussed. Keywords: Eating behavior; eating disorders; feeding patterns; mood; nursing care

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