Dergi Ara >>
Yıl:2018; Cilt: 19; Sayı: 4>> Özet
TAM METİN
Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2018;19(4):397-404
Ergenlerde siber zorbalık, internet aile tutumu ve aile işlevselliğinin etkisi
İD Çimen
Darıca Farabi Devlet Hastanesi, Kocaeli
Amaç: Çalışmada Sakarya ili Adapazarı merkez ilçesinde yaşayan siber zorba ve/veya kurban olan ergenlerin özelliklerinin, anne-babaların bu gençlerin internet kullanımlarına yaklaşımlarının ve aile işlevselliklerinin değerlendirilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Yöntem: Katılımcılara araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan Sosyodemografik Veri Formu, Sanal Zorba/Kurban Ölçeği, İnternet Aile Tutum Ölçeği ve Aile Değerlendirme Ölçeği verilmiştir. Sosyodemografik Veri Formu, anne-babanın evlilik durumu, sağlık durumu, eğitim düzeyi, gençlerin disiplin cezası, kavgaya karışma, sigara-alkol-madde kullanımı, internetin kullanım yeri ve süresi, cep telefonu kullanım alışkanlıkları ve siber zorbalığa maruz kalan gençlerin başa çıkma yöntemleri ile ilgili sorular içermektedir. Sanal Zorba/Kurban Ölçeği, gençlerin sanal zorba ve/veya kurban olma durumu ve bu durumlar varsa sanal ortamda cinsel zorbalık, sanal ortamda engelleme ve zarar verme ve sanal ortamda söylenti çıkarma gibi alt başlıklardan hangilerine maruz kaldıkları veya uyguladıklarını saptamayı sağlamaktadır. İnternet Aile Tutum Ölçeği, ihmalkar/otoriter/müsamahakar/ demokratik tutum gibi anne-babaların gençlerin internet kullanımlarına nasıl yaklaştıklarını değerlendirebilmeye olanak vermektedir. Aile Değerlendirme Ölçeği ise problem çözme, iletişim, roller, duygusal tepki verebilme, gereken ilgiyi gösterebilme becerisi, davranış kontrolü ve genel işlevler gibi alanlarda ailenin güçlü ve zayıf alanlarını belirlemeye fırsat vermektedir. Araştırmaya 6., 7. ve 8. sınıfa giden 12-14 yaş arasındaki 386 genç alınmıştır. Sonuçlar: Çalışmaya katılan gençlerin 153’ünün siber kurban, 93'ünün siber zorba, 78’inin siber zorba/kurban olduğu saptanmıştır. Siber zorba ve/veya kurban olma ile disiplin cezası alma, tehdit etme/edilme, kavgaya karışma, sigara-alkol tüketimi, internet-cep telefonu kullanım özellikleri ve psikiyatrik bir tedavi görme arasında anlamlı ilişki olduğu saptanmıştır. Ailelerin gençlerin internet kullanımı konusundaki tutumları ve aile işlevselliğinin de siber zorba ve/veya kurban olma ile ilişkili olduğu bulunmuştur. Tartışma: Siber zorbalık ile ilgili literatürde siber zorbalık ile aile internet tutumu ve aile işlevselliğini inceleyen az sayıda çalışma olduğu görülmüştür. Sonuçlara bakıldığında ailenin gençlerin internet kullanımı ile ilgili doğru tutumları ve gençlerle kuracağı olumlu ilişkilerin siber zorbalığa karışmayı önleyebileceği veya bu sorunla baş etmekte yararlı olabileceği düşünülmektedir
Cyberbullying in adolescents, the effect of internet parenting styles and family functioning
Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the features of cyberbullying and the relationship between cyberbullying and internet parental style, and family characteristics. Methods: The participants were given Sociodemographic Data Form, Cyber Bully/Victim Scale, Internet Parenting Styles Scale and the Family Evaluation Scale. The Sociodemographic Data Form includes questions about marital status, health status, educational level of parents, disciplinary punishment, smoking-alcohol consumptions, internet-mobile phone usage and methods of coping with cyberbullying. The cyberbully/victim scale allows determining whether they are subjected to a cyberbullying and/or victimization and if so, what kind of a bullying they are exposed or applied. The Internet Parenting Scale allows, such as laissez-faire/authoritarian/authoritative/permissive attitudes, to assess how parents approach to adolescents internet usage. Family Evaluation Scale enables assessment of successes and failures of family functions in problem solving, communication, roles, emotional reaction capability, capacity of showing interest, behavior control, general functions areas. 386 adolescents, between the ages of 12-14 (6th-8th grades) were taken to study. Results: It is determined that 153 of the adolescents were cyber victims, 93 of the adolescents were bullies, and 78 of the adolescents were bullies and victims. Cyberbullying and/or victimization is found significantly related to disciplinary punishment, threatening/to be threatened, involving in a fight, smoking-alcohol consumption, internet/ mobile phone usage, and psychiatric treatment. The attitudes of families towards internet usage of adolescents and family functioning are also found related to cyberbullying and/or victimization. Conclusion: It is observed that there is a small number of studies examining cyberbullying and internet parenting style and family functioning in the literature of cyberbullying. However, it is thought that the right attitudes of adolescents to the usage of the internet and positive relationships with adolescents can prevent or be effective in coping with cyberbullying

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