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Yıl:2002; Cilt: 12; Sayı: 3>> Özet
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Klinik Psikofarmakoloji Bülteni; 2002;12(3):142-147
Bipolar bozukluk ve şizoaffektif bozukluk sağaltımında klozapinin yeri: Geriye dönük bir çalışma
ÖÖ Sertöz, F Akdeniz, S Vahip
Ege Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi Psikiyatri Anabilim Dal›, İzmir, Türkiye
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı, klozapin kullanan bipolar bozukluk ve şizoaffektif bozukluk tanısı konan hastaların sosyodemografik ve klinik özellikleriyle ilaca yanıtlarını araştırmaktır.
Yöntem: Çalışmanın örneklemini Ege Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi (EÜTF) Psikiyatri Anabilim Dalı Afektif Hastalıklar Ayaktan Hasta Birimi'nde düzenli olarak izlenen, DSM-IV'e göre bipolar bozukluk ve şizoaffektif bozukluk tanısı alan ve en az bir yıldır klozapin tedavisinde olan hastalar oluşturdu. Hastaların ayaktan izlem sırasında tutulan kayıtları geriye dönük olarak taranmıştır. İşlevselliği ölçmek için klozapin tedavisi öncesi son üç ayda ve çalışma verilerinin değerlendirildiği sırada Bütünsel Klinik İzlenim (BKİ)-A ve BKİ-B ve İşlevselliğin Genel Değerlendirilmesi (İGD) Ölçeği uygulanmıştır.
Bulgular: Klozapin tedavisi alan 36 hastanın 17'si (%46) bipolar bozukluk, 19'u (%54) şizoaffektif bozukluk tanıları ile izlenmekteydi. Ortalama hastalık başlama yaşı 24.0±6.4 ve çalışmaya alındıkları sıradaki yaş ortalamaları ise 40.8±9.0 yıldı. Hastalık süresi, hastalık başlama yaşı ve klozapin öncesi hastalık süresi açısından gruplar arasında fark gözlenmezken; klozapinin günlük dozu ve kullanım süresi şizoaffektif bozukluk tanılı hastalarda bipolar bozukluk tanılı hastalara göre belirgin olarak daha yüksek bulundu (p<0.05). Klozapin tedavisi sonrası 20 (%53) hastada hiç duygudurum epizoduna rastlanmadı. İyileşme açısından iki grup arasında BKİ ve İGD puanlarında belirgin bir fark görülmedi. Klozapin tedavisi sonrası bipolar bozukluk tanılı hastaların işlevsellikleri şizoaffektif bozukluk tanılı hastalara göre daha iyiydi. Klozapin tedavisinde en sık gözlenen yan etkiler %34 ile sedasyon ve %16 ile kilo alımıydı.
Sonuç: Duygudurum bozukluğu olan hastalar klozapin sağaltımı ile belirgin bir iyileşme göstermişlerdir. Bu bulgular klozapinin, sağaltıma dirençli bipolar bozukluk ve şizoaffektif bozuklukta etkin sağaltım seçeneklerinden birisi olduğunu düşündürmektedir.
Clozapine treatment in bipolar and schizoaffective disorders: A retrospective study
Object: The aim of this study is to evaluate the sociodemographic and clinical features and efficacy of clozapine treatment in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and schizoaffective disorder (SD).
Method: Patients with DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for BD and SD on clozapine treatment for at least one [year] and followed up regularly were included in the study. We reviewed the patients' medical records and life-charts retrospectively. To assess the functioning of the patients, the Clinical Global Impression scale-A (CGI-A) and CGI-B and Global Assessment of Functioning (GAF) were performed preceding 3 [month]s of clozapine treatment and current status.
Results: Of 36 patients on clozapine treatment, 17 (46%) were diagnosed as BD and 19 (54%) were diagnosed as SD. The mean age of onset of illness was 24.0±6.4 [year]s. The current mean age of the group was 40.8±9.0 [year]s. Even though the mean duration of illness, the mean age of onset of illness and the mean duration of illness before clozapine treatment were not significantly different between two groups, the mean daily dose and duration of clozapine treatment were significantly higher in patients with SD than BD (p<0.05). 20 (53%) of the patients had no mood episode after clozapine treatment. The change in CGI-A and GAF scores did not differ significantly among the two groups. However the patients with BD functioned better than the patients with SD after the clozapine treatment. The most frequent side effects of clozapine treatment were sedation (34%) and weight gain (16%).
Conclusion: The patients with mood disorder showed significant improvement with clozapine treatment. These findings may conclude that clozapin is regarded as an effective choice of for treatment resistant patients with bipolar disorder and schizoaffective disorder.

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