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Yıl:2017; Cilt: 18; Sayı: 3>> Özet
TAM METİN
Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2017;18(3):203-210
Kadına yönelik şiddet ve yaşam kalitesi
BB Şahin, PE Dündar
Celal Bayar Üniversitesi, Manisa
Amaç: Bu çalışmada kadınların hangi sıklıkta şiddete uğradıklarını, şiddete neden olan risk etkenlerini ve yaşam kalitesi ile ilişkisini araştırmayı amaçladık. Yöntem: Kesitsel tipte olan araştırma, kentsel ve yarı kentsel bölgeden seçilen iki Aile Sağlığı Merkezine (ASM) kayıtlı, rastgele seçilmiş, en az bir kez evlenmiş, 15-64 yaşları arasındaki 287 kişiyle yapılmıştır. Katılımcılara 65 sorudan sorudan oluşan bir anket formu ve araştırma grubunun yaşam kalitesini ölçmek üzere Dünya Sağlık Örgütü Yaşam Kalitesi Ölçeği Kısa Formu (WHOQOL-BREF) uygulanmıştır. Bulgular: Katılımcıların, eş veya eski eşlerinden yaşamlarında en az bir kez ve son bir yılda şiddete uğrama oranı %27.2 ve %13.6’dır. Kadınların %39.4’ü duygusal şiddet/istismar, %24.4’ü ekonomik şiddet/istismar, %23.3’ü fiziksel şiddet, %9.8’i de cinsel şiddet türlerinin en az birine uğramıştır. Şiddet gören kadınların yaşam kalitesi puanları anlamlı olarak her alanda düşüktür. Eşin çocuklukta şiddete uğraması riski en çok artıran değişkendir ve bu durum şiddetin her türünde anlamlı bulunmuştur. Kadının istemeden veya görücü usulü ile evlendirilmesi, üç ve üzerinde çocuk sahibi olma, eşin sorunlu alkol kullanımı ve kadının çocukluk çağında şiddete tanık olması kadına yönelik şiddet sıklığını artıran diğer risk etkenleri olarak bulunmuştur. Sonuç: Çok yönlü bir bakış açısıyla toplumda her türlü şiddetin önlenmesi ve istenmeyen evlilikler, kadının istediği sayıda çocuk sahibi olması gibi kadının statüsünü ilgilendiren konularda politika geliştirilmesi ve toplumun şiddete bakış açısının değiştirilmesi gerekmektedir.
Violence against women and quality of life
Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence, risk factors of domestic violence and its relationship with quality of life in women. Methods: This cross-sectional study is conducted on 287 women aged between 15 and 64 years with at least one marriage and in two Family Health Center located in urban and semi-urban region. A questionnaire consists of 65 questions and World Health Organization Quality of Life - BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) Scale is applied for evaluation quality of life of participants. Results: The prevalence of being subjected to violence by husband or ex-husband at least one time and within last year is 27.2% and 13.6%. Women are subjected to at least one of these violence types, 39.4% emotional violence/abuse, 24.4% economic violence/abuse, 23.3% physical violence, 9.8% sexual violence. Exposure to domestic violence is deteriorate in all domains of quality of life of women. Exposure to violence in childhood of the partner is the factor significantly associated with the every kind of violence. Involuntary or prearranged marriage, having three or more children, excessive alcohol usage of husband and being witnessed to violence during childhood are found as other risk factors which increases the rate of violence against women. Conclusion: It is necessary to develop policies not only status of women but also to change perspective of society against violence with a multi-dimensional approach

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