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Yıl:2017; Cilt: 7; Sayı: 47>> Özet
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Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi; 2017;7(47):99-115
Erken Çocuklukta Baba Kaybında Bağlanma Biçimleri ve Yakın İlişkilerdeki Psikolojik Eğilimler
B Güloğlu, Ö Karaırmak
Bahçeşehir Üniversitesi, İstanbul
Erken çocukluk dönemindeki baba kaybı bireyin yakın ilişki kurma örüntüsü üzerinde belirgin izler bırakacak olumsuz bir yaşantı olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı erken yaşta baba kaybı yaşamış şehit çocuklarının bağlanma biçimlerini ve yakın ilişkilerindeki psikolojik eğilimlerini incelemektir. Bu doğrultuda, çalışmada iki alt amaç bulunmaktadır. İlk amaç, erken yaşta ebeveyn kaybı yaşamış yetişkin şehit çocuklarında yakın ilişkilerdeki psikolojik eğilimlerin romantik ilişki yaşama durumuna ve bağlanma biçimine göre farklılık gösterip göstermediğini sınamaktır. İkinci amaç, erken yaşta ebeveyn kaybı yaşamış yetişkin şehit çocuklarının yakın ilişkilerindeki psikolojik eğilimlerinin bağlanma biçimlerini yordamadaki rolünü incelemektir. Araştırmaya katılan 105 (50 Kadın, 55 Erkek) yetişkin şehit çocuğuna Demografik Bilgi Formu, Çok Boyutlu İlişki Ölçeği ve İlişki Ölçekleri Anketi posta yoluyla uygulanmıştır. Verilerin analizlerinde çok yönlü varyans analizi, Pearson momentler çarpımı korelasyon tekniği ve çoklu regresyon istatistik yöntemleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın bulgularına göre, erken yaşta baba kaybı yaşamış şehit çocuklarında güvenli bağlananlar ilişkiye odaklanma, ilişki doyumu, ve ilişki girişkenliği psikolojik eğilimlerinde sağlıksız bağlanan gruptan anlamlı derecede daha yüksek puan almışlardır. Sağlıksız bağlanan grup ilişki korkusu psikolojik eğiliminde anlamlı derecede güvenli bağlanan gruptan daha yüksek puan almışlardır. Ayrıca, erken yaşta baba kaybı yaşamış şehit çocuklarında yakın bir romantik ilişki yaşayanlar ilişkiye odaklanma, ilişki doyumu, ilişkide kendine güven ve içsel ilişki kontrolü psikolojik eğilimlerinde romantik ilişkisi olmayan gruptan anlamlı derecede daha yüksek puan almışlardır. Son olarak, yakın ilişkilerdeki psikolojik eğilimlerin bağlanma biçimlerini yordadığını göstermektedir. İlişkiye odaklanma, ilişki girişkenliği ve dışsal ilişki kontrolü güvenli bağlanma için anlamlı yordayıcı değişkenler olarak bulunmuştur. Korkulu bağlanmayı anlamlı derecede yordayan yakın ilişkideki psikolojik eğilimler ilişki korkusu ve ilişki girişkenliği olarak bulunmuştur. İlişki korkusu ve ilişkiye odaklanma kayıtsız bağlanma biçimini açıklamıştır. İlişkiye odaklanma ve içsel ilişki kontrolü kayıtsız bağlanmayı açıklamıştır.
Attachment Styles and Psychological Tendencies in Intimate Relations in Paternal Loss in Early Childhood
Early childhood father loss is considered as a negative life event that has an important effect on the pattern of establishing close relationship. The aim of the current study is to investigate attachment styles and psychological tendencies associated with intimate relations of adult children of martry. Therefore the study consists of two sub-aims. One aim is to test the differences in psychological tendencies associated with intimate relations based on having romantic relation and attachment styles. Second aim is to examine the predictive role of psychological tendencies associated with intimate relations on the attachment styles among adult children of martry. Demographic Information Form (DIF), Multidimensional Relationship Questionnaire (MRQ) and Relationship Scales Questionnaire (RSQ) were administered to 105 (50 females, 55 males) adult children of martry via mailing. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), Pearson correlational coefficient, and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze the data. Results indicated that adult children of marty who have a secure attachment style scored significantly higher in subscales of focusing on relationship exteremely, relational satisfaction, and relational assertiveness. On the other hand, participants who had a unhealthy attachment style received higher scores in the subscale of fear of relationship. Moreover, participants who have a romantic relationships scored significantly higher in subscales of focusing on relationship exteremely, relational satisfaction, relationship esteem, and internal relational control. Finally, the findings revealed that psychological tendencies associated with intimate relations predicted the attachment styles. Focusing on relationship exteremely, relational assertiveness, and external relational control were significant predictors of secure attachment style. It was found that fear of relationship and relational assertiveness were important predictors of fearful attachment. Fear of relationship and focusing on relationship exteremely was found as important predictors of dismissive attachment style. The important predictors of preoccupied attachment style was found as focusing on relationship exteremely and internal relational control.

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