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Yıl:1998; Cilt: 9; Sayı: 1>> Özet
Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi; 1998;9(1):13-22
Hemodiyalize Giren Kronik Böbrek Hastalarında Ruhsal Bozukluklar
A SA?DUYU, Y ERTEN
Bu çalışmada, kronik böbrek yetmezliği nedeniyle hemodiyalize giren 70 hastaya, Uluslararası Bileşik Tanı Görüşmesi’nin Temel Sağlık Hizmetleri Uyarlaması, Kısa Yetiyitimi Anketi, Sosyal Yetiyitimi Ölçeği, Genel Sağlık ve Sağlık Hizmetleri Formu uygulanmıştır. Hastaların %22.9’unda ICD-10 tanı ölçütlerine göre en az bir ruhsal bozukluk olup, en sık konan tanılar depresyon (%17.1) ve yaygın bunaltı bozukluğudur (%8.7). Son bir yılda ruhsal nedenlerle doktora giden hasta oranı %8.6, halen sinir ilacı alanların oranı %5.1 düzeyindedir. Hastaların üçte ikisi unutkanlıktan yakınmış, bunların da %7.1’inde hafif düzeyde bilişsel bozulma tespit edilmiştir. Depresyon tanısı konan hastalarda en sık görülen belirtiler uyku bozukluğu, halsizlik, cinsel istek azalması ve çökkün duygulanımdır. Böbrek reddi olanlarda depresyon olasılığı artmakta, başta depresyon olmak üzere, ruhsal bozukluğu olanlarda yetiyitimi bulunma oranları ve düzeyleri yükselmektedir. Bu hastalarda ruhsal sorunların yaygın olması ve işlevselliği bozması, buna karşın az sayıda hastanın ruhsal tedavi görmesi, diyaliz ünitelerine yönelik konsültasyon-liyezon hizmetlerinin önemini arttırmaktadır.

Psychiatric Disorders in Patients with End Stage Renal Disease Treated with Hemodialysis
In this study, diagnostic instruments called Composite International Diagnostic Interview-Primary Health Care Version, Brief Disability Questionnaire, Social Disability Scale and General Health and Health Services Questionnaire were appiled to 70 patients with end stage renal disease treated with hemodialysis. 22.9 percent of patients had at least one psychiatric disorder according to ICD-10 diagnostic criteria. The most common diagnoses were depression (%17.1) and generalized anxiety disorder (%8.7). 8.6 percent of patients had visited doctors for mental complaints the last [year] and 5.1 percent of them were receiving psychotropic drugs. Two thirds of patients complained about forgetfulness and 7.1 percent of them had mild cognitive deterioration. The most common symptoms seen in patients with depression were insomnia, fatigue, decreased sexual interest and depressed mood. Renal rejection predicted depression diagnosis and disability were more common and disability scores were higher in patients with psychiatric disorders, particulary depression. High rate of psychiatric problems associated with disability and limited usage of mental health services by these patients underlined the importance of consultation-liaison psychiatric services in renal medicine inpatient units.


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