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Yıl:2003; Cilt: 14; Sayı: 1>> Özet
TAM METİN
Türk Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2003;14(1):21-30
Ergen ve erişkin başlangıçlı maninin fenomenolojik farklılıkları: Karşılaştırmalı bir çalışma
M Erkıran, N Karamustafalıoğlu, N Tomruk, E Kahraman, N Alpay
Bakırköy Prof. Mazhar Osman Ruh Sağl›ğ› ve Hastalıkları Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, İstanbul
Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı bipolar afektif bozukluğun (mani) fenomenolojisinin hastalığın başladığı yaşla ilişkisini belirlemektir.

Yöntem: Olguların şimdiki ve geçmişteki hastalık tanıları, DSM-IV Bipolar Afektif Bozukluk (Mani) tanı ölçütlerine göre belirlenmiştir. Hastalığın başlama yaşı ve hastaların bugünkü yaş dilimine göre oluşturulan, ergen başlangıçlı halen ergen (EBEG) (n=60), ergen başlangıçlı halen yetişkin (EBYG) (n=60) ve yetişkin başlangıçlı yetişkinlerden (YBYG) (n=60) oluşan üç grupta, sosyodemografik ve klinik özellikler incelenmiştir. Olgular, sosyodemografik ve klinik veri formu, DSM-IV Eksen I Bozuklukları İçin Yapılandırılmış Klinik Görüşme (SCID-I), Young Mani Derecelendirme Ölçeği (YMDÖ), Hamilton Depresyon Ölçeği (HAM-D) ve Pozitif Belirtileri Değerlendirme Ölçeğiyle (SAPS) değerlendirilmiştir.

Bulgular: Gruplar eşit sayıda kadın ve erkekten oluşmaktaydı. Ergen başlagıçlı yetişkin grupta bekar (%51.7) ve boşanmış oranı (%21.7) ve çalışmama oranı (%70) yetişkin başlangıçlılardan fazlaydı. EBEG (%26.7) ve EBYG’ları karma nöbet oranı (%15) ve duygudurumla uyumsuz/uyumlu psikotik özellik görülme oranı (%35/%50,%31.7/%66.7) ile yatış süresi (23.9±4.8, 23.8±3.9) açısından YBYG’dan farklı bulundu.

Tartışma: Ergenlik döneminde hastalığın başlaması, karma nöbet olasılığının, sanrı ve varsanılarla giden, duygudurumla uyumlu veya uyumsuz psikotik özelliklerin artmasına neden olmaktadır. Bu çalışma, ergen manisinin fenomenoloji, nöbet tipi ve bazı klinik özellikler ile farklı bir alt tip olabileceği varsayımını desteklemektedir.

Phenomenological Differences Between Adolescent and Adult Onset Mania: A Comparative Study
Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the relationship between age of onset and phenomenology of bipolar affective disorder (mania).

Method: The current and retrospective diagnoses of the patients were made according to DSM-IV Bipolar Affective Disorder (mania) criteria. Sociodemographic features, clinical features, type of episode, number and length of hospitalizations were investigated in three groups which were consisted of adolescent-onset adolescents (n=60), adolescent-onset adults (n=60) and adult-onset adults (n=60). The groups were determined according to age of onset and current age categories. All patients have been assessed by Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV-Clinical Version (SCID-I), Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAM-D) and Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS).

Results: The groups were consisted of equal numbers of women and men. Rate of single (%51.7) and divorced patients (%21.7), rate of unemployment status (%70) were higher in adolescent-onset patients than adult-onsets. Adolescent-onset adolescents and adolescent-onset adults were different from adult-onset patients with respect to mixt episodes (%26.7, %15) and mood congruent or incongruent psychotic features (%35/%50, %31.7/%66.7) and length of hospitalization (23.9±4.8, 23.8±3.9).

Conclusion: Adolescent-onset of illness causes higher probability of mixt episodes, psychotic features such as mood congruent or incongruent hallucinations and delusions. This study supports the hypothesis that adolescent-onset mania may be a different subtype than adult-onset mania with respect to type of episode, phenomenology, and clinical features.

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