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Yıl:2015; Cilt: 1; Sayı: 2>> Özet
Türkiye Klinikleri Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Özel Dergisi; 2015;1(2):46-51
Travma Yaşamış Çocuk ve Gençlerin Ele Alınmasında Çocuk-Ergen Ruh Sağlığı ve Psikiyatri Hemşireliği Uygulamaları
F Oflaz
Koç Üniversitesi, İstanbul
Bu makale çocukluk çağında yaşanan travmatik olaylar arkasından gelişebilecek travma sonrası stres bozukluğu belirtilerini ve bu çocuklara yaklaşımda önemli olan özellikleri lemektedir. Çocukluk dönemi travmatik olaylara sık maruz kalınan bir dönemdir. Travmatik olayların şiddetine ve çevresel faktörlere bağlı olarak bu yaşantılar kendiliğinden kolayca hafiflemeyen Travma Sonrası Stres Bozukluğu semptomlarını ortaya çıkarmaktadır. Travmatik stres tepkilerinin uzun vadede yetişkin yaşamı da etkilemesi ve eşlik eden başka ruhsal bozukluklara neden olması açısından önemsenmesi gerekmektedir. Çocuklarda görülen travmatik stres tepkileri çok çeşitlidir. Olayın şiddeti ve tipine, çocuğun gelişimsel dönem özelliklerine, cinsiyetine, yaşına, aile öyküsüne ve kültürel altyapısına göre farklı davranışsal özelliklerle kendini göstermektedir. Bu nedenle tanılamada ve tedavide gelişimsel özellikler göz önünde bulundurulmalıdır. Travma yaşayan çocukların temel gereksinimi güven duygusunu yeniden kazanmaktır. Bu ancak ilgili, yargılamayan ve anlayışlı bir tutumla gerçekleşebilir. Hemşireler akut dönemde çocuklarla çalışan önemli bir meslek grubudur ve Travma Sonrası Stres Bozukluğu belirtilerinin tanılanması ve erken müdahalenin sağlanmasında sorumluluk almalıdırlar.
Psychiatric Nursing Interventions and Child and Adolescent Mental Health Dealing with Traumatized Children and Teens
This paper reviews the post traumatic stres disorder symptoms in children and the interventions for the child who had traumatic experience. Traumatic events are frequent during the childhood. Depending on the severity of the event and environmental factors, these events cause persistent Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder symptoms. These symptoms must be addressed carefully and treated well because of their adverse effects on adult life later and causing comorbid psychiatric disorders. Symptoms of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder vary according to the type and degree of the traumatic event, gender, age, level of development, family and cultural background of the children. These factors should be considered during the assessment and treatment. The basic need of traumatized children is safety. A nonjudgemental and understanding manner might help to feel safe again. Nurses are at the important position to help the child during the acute stage of the traumatic experience and have responsibilities to early diagnosis and treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder.

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