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Yıl:2011; Cilt: 14; Sayı: 27>> Özet
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Türk Psikoloji Yazıları; 2011;14(27):38-45
İyi Olma Hali Bağlamında Uyum Düzeyi Kuramı ve Hedonik Döngü
M Güler, A Dönmez
Ankara Üniversitesi, Ankara
İyi olma, birçok kişinin en önemli amacıdır. Çalışmalar genellikle iyi olma halinin bileşenleri, uyumun önemi ya da kültürel farklılıklar üzerine odaklanmaktadır. Mutluluk ve üzüntü üzerinde de birçok çalışmaya rastlanmakta, fakat ilişkili bir başka kavram olan Hedonik deneyim üzerinde pek durulmamaktadır. Uyum Düzeyi Kuramı, bireylerin geçmişte yaşadıkları deneyimlerin şimdiki uyaranlara ilişkin duygular üzerindeki etkilerini incelerken, Hedonik döngü denencesi, kurama dayanarak, her bireyin bir mutluluk temel çizgisinin olduğunu, insanların yeni olaylara ya da koşullara başlangıçta güçlü tepki gösterdiklerini ancak zamanla duruma alışarak başlangıçtaki eski mutluluk düzeylerine geri döndüklerini ileri sürmektedir. Kendilerine piyango vuranların daha mutlu olmadıklarını ya da felç geçirenlerin daha kötü hissetmediklerini gösteren çalışmaların beklenmedik sonuçları (Brickman, Coates ve JanoffBulman, 1978) başka çalışmalar tarafından da desteklenmektedir. Son yıllarda, hedonik denge modelinde denge durumunun kalıcı ve yaşam olaylarının etkilerinin geçici olduğu düşüncesine birçok eleştiri gelmiştir. Bu çalışma, olumlu ya da olumsuz, yaşam olayları karşında bireylerin iyilik hallerinin ne yönde değiştiği ve duygular açısından insanların yeni duruma nasıl uyum sağladıkları üzerine odaklanan hedonik döngü modeline, ilgili çalışmalara ve modele gelen eleştirilere genel bir bakış amacı taşımaktadır.
Adaptation Level Theory and Hedonic Treadmill in the Context of Well-Being
Well-being is an important goal for many people. Scientifi c research has focused on the components of well being, the importance of adaptation or cultural differences. There are also some research on Hedonic experience but this seems to be a relatively less investigated domain. Adaptation-Level Theory analyzes the effects of the person’s past experiences on the affectional responses to current stimuli. Hedonic treadmill (hedonic adaptation) view argue that initially people are more reactive to stimuli but adjust themselves to the situation in time and turn back to the same basic level before facing the stimuli. The most famous article in the psychological literature on well being (Brickman, Coates, & Janoff-Bulman, 1978) reported only small differences in terms of life satisfaction between paraplegics and normal control subjects, and between lottery winners and normal control subjects. This provocative fi nding has been bolstered by much subsequent evidence in many domains. The objective of this study is to present a general perspective concerning the model of Hedonic Treadmill focusing on how well beings of people change when faced with positive or negative life events; related research, and criticisms to the model.

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