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Yıl:2009; Cilt: 12; Sayı: 23>> Özet
TAM METİN
Türk Psikoloji Yazıları; 2009;12(23):52-65
İşsizliğin Psikolojik Etkisini İncelemek için Kullanılan Ölçeklerin Güvenirlik ve Geçerlikleri Üzerine Bir Çalışma
N Yılmaz, R Bilgiç
Orta Doğu Teknik Üniversitesi, Ankara
Bu çalışma, işsizliğin psikolojik etkilerini inceleyen görgül çalışmalarda kullanılmış olan ölçeklerin güvenirlik ve geçerlik bulgularını kapsamaktadır. Çalışmada, İŞKUR’a iş aramak üzere başvuruda bulunan 180 kişi yer almıştır. Katılımcılara, işsizliğin etkilerini incelemek için geliştirilmiş olan İş Arama Motivasyonu, İşe Bağlılık, Sosyal Destek Algısı, Öz-Saygı, İşsizliği Atfetme Stili, Olumsuz Duygu Durum Ölçekleri ve Genel Sağlık Soru Formu, kişisel bilgiler formuyla birlikte uygulanmıştır. Her bir ölçeğin, faktör yapısı açımlayıcı yöntemlerle incelenmiş, daha sonra doğrulayıcı faktör analizi yapılmış ve son olarak da iç tutarlılık katsayıları hesaplanmıştır. Bütün ölçeklerin iç tutar- lılık katsayıları, İş Arama Motivasyonu ve Sosyal Destek Algısı ölçeği dışında .70 ve üzeri çıkmıştır. Ayrıca her ölçek ve alt ölçek için ortalama toplam puan elde edilerek değişkenler arası Pearson Momentler Çarpımı korelasyonları elde edilmiş ve bunlar literatür ışığında irdelenmiştir. Değişkenler arası korelasyonlar beklenen yönde çıkmıştır. Genel Sağlık Soru Formu ve Olumsuz duygu durum arasındaki korelasyon beklendiği gibi pozitif (.43), Öz-Saygı ve Genel Sağlık Soru Formu (-.46) ve Olumsuz duygu durum arasındaki ilişki (-.39) ise negatif çıkmıştır.
A Reliability and Validity Study of the Scales Used to Examine the Psychological Effects of Unemployment
This study was conducted to examine the psychometric characteristics of the scales used in the literature studying the psychological effects of unemployment. A hundered and eithy people who applied for a job with the Turkish State Emploment Agency (ISKUR) participated in this study. Participants completed a package of scales measuring Job Search Motivation, Job Involvement, Social Support, Self-Esteem, Attribution of Unemployment, General Health Quesstionnaire, and Negative Mood Scales. Each scale, regardless of the number of items, factor analyzed; and the results of the explarotory factor analysis were confirmed by the confirmatory factor analysis. Then, internal consistencies of the scales and subscales as appropriate, item total correlations and the reliability of each item if item deleted were calculated. The reliabilities of the scales were above .70, except the Job Search Motivation and the Social Support Scales. Pearson Product Moment correlation coefficients were calculated among the total scores of the scales and their subscales. The correlations among the scales and subscales were as expected. For example, General Health Questionnaire and Negative Mood correlated positively (.43); Self-Esteem and General Health Questionnaire (-.46) and Self-Esteem and Negative Mood correlated negatively (-.39). The results were discussed and implications of the study were mentioned for the future studies.

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