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Yıl:2006; Cilt: 9; Sayı: 18>> Özet
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Türk Psikoloji Yazıları; 2006;9(18):33-48
Spence Çocuklar için Kaygı Ölçeği-Ebeveyn Formu: Ön Çalışma
Ö Orbay, HB Ayvaşık
Başkent Üniversitesi, Ankara
Spence Çocuklar için Kaygı Ölçeği çocuk ve ebeveyn formu olmak üzere iki farklı formdan oluşan ve her biri 38 madde içeren bir kaygı ölçeğidir. Her bir form altı alt ölçekten oluşmaktadır: Panik atak ve agorafobi, ayrılma kaygısı, fiziksel yaralanma korkusu, sosyal fobi, obsesif kompülsif bozukluk ve yaygın kaygı. Bu çalışmada, günümüze kadar Avusturalya, Almanya ve Japonya olmak üzere çesitli kültürlerde geçerlik, güvenirlik çalışmaları yapılmış olan Spence Çocuklar için Kaygı Ölçeği Ebeveyn Formu’nu Türkçe’ye uyarlamak için faktör analizi, geçerlik ve güvenirlik çalışmaları yapılmıştır. Çalışma, çocuklarının yaşı 7-12 arasında değişen 280 gönüllü anne ile yürütülmüştür. Varimaks rotasyonu uygulanarak yapılan temel bileşenler analizi sonucunda tüm maddelerin faktör yükünün 0.30’un üzerinde olduğu beş faktör elde edilmiştir. Birden fazla faktöre yüklenen madde sayısının fazla olması ve doğrulayıcı faktör analizi sonucunda 5 faktörlü modeli destekleyen bulgular elde edilememesi nedeniyle, ölçeğin orijinal faktörlerinin korunmasına karar verilmiştir. Bu nedenle,geçerlik ve güvenirlik analizleri 6 faktör için yapılmıştır. Ölçeğin Cronbach alfa değeri 0.88 ve iki yarım güvenirliği 0.79 olarak bulunmuştur. Alt ölçeklerin güvenirlik katsayısı 0.54 ile 0.71 arasında değişmektedir. Faktörler arası korelasyonlar 0.24 ve 0.58 arasında değişmektedir (p < .01). Hem ölçek toplam puanı için hem de alt ölçekler için örneklemin üst %27’sinin alt %27’sinden anlamlı olarak daha yüksek puan aldığı gösterilmiştir (p < .01). Erkeklerin kızlara göre, panik atak ve agorafobi alt ölçeği dışında, ölçeğin toplam ve alt ölçeklerinden daha yüksek puan aldıkları görülmüştür. Yaşa göre ise anlamlı bir fark bulunamamıştır. Anneler tarafından rapor edilen en yüksek kaygı puanı ise fiziksel yaralanma alt ölçeğine aittir. Bulgular literatür ve çalışmanın sınırlılıkları çerçevesinde tartışılmıştır.
The Spence Children's Anxiety Scale - Parent Version: Preliminary Study
Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale (SCAS) is a 38 item scale that has two separate forms as child and parent report. Both forms consist of six subscales: panic attack and agoraphobia, separation anxiety, physical injury fears, social phobia, obsessive compulsive disorder, and generalized anxiety. In the present study, Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale Parent Version (SCAS-P) was first translated into Turkish, and then it was administered to 280 volunteer mothers to determine the factor structure and reliability of the scale. SCAS-P was previously adapted for Australian, German, and Japanese populations. Principal components factor analysis with varimax rotation revealed five factors in which all items had a factor loading of 0.30 or more. Since the number of items loaded more than one factor are too much and confirmatory factor analysis did not yield a result supporting 5 factor model, it was decided to keep the original 6 factors. Therefore, the further validity and reliability analysis have been conducted for 6 factors. The overall scale had a high degree of internal consistency, with an alpha coefficient of 0.88, and the split half reliability of 0.79. Internal consistency of the subscales ranged from 0.54 to 0.71. Inter-correlations among the factors and the total score of the scale were found to be satisfactory (r s 0.24 - 0.58, p < .01). Analysis indicated that the top 27th percentile of the sample was significantly scored higher than the bottom 27th percentile of the sample in terms of the total score and factor scores of the scale. (p < .01). The boys significantly scored higher than girls in term of the total score and lower order factor of the SCAS-P except panic attack and agoraphobia factors. There was no significant difference in term of age groups for all measures. The highest score reported by mothers was on the physical injury fear factor. These results are discussed in the light of the literature and the limitations of the study.

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