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Yıl:2015; Cilt: 16; Sayı: 2>> Özet
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Bağımlılık Dergisi; 2015;16(2):70-77
Bağımlılık Tedavisini Terk Nedenlerinin Değerlendirilmesi
E Vardar, B Sönmez, H Şıpka, E Karaca
Trakya Üniversitesi, Edirne
Amaç: Alkol ve madde kullanım bozukluğu olan hastaların remisyon oranları düşüktür. Tedaviyi terk bağımlılık tedavisinde çözülememiş bir sorundur ve bu durum depreşme olarak yorumlanabilir. Bu çalışmada Trakya Üniversitesi Balkan Bağımlılık Tedavi ve Araş-tırma Biriminde yatarak tedavi gören hastaların tedaviyi terk nedenleri değerlendirilmiştir. Yöntem:: Bir yıl süresince yatarak bağımlılık tedavisi gören 130 hasta çalışmaya alındı. Hastaların sosyodemografik özellikleri ve bağımlılık ile ilgili madde kullanma özellikleri yapılandırılmış bir anket yardımı ve Bağımlılık Profil Endeksi (BAPİ) kayıtları ile geriye dönük olarak değerlendirilmiştir. Hastalara yatışla birlikte yazılı ve sözlü olarak 28 günlük bir tedavi protokolü önerilmiş ve hastalardan bu programa uymayı kabul eden hastalar çalışmanın evrenini oluşturmuştur. Bu programı yarım bırakan 70 hasta ve programı tamamlayan 60 hastanın verileri karşılaştırılmıştır. Bu çalışmada tedaviyi kabul eden hastaların programı yarıda kesmelerine neden olacak psikolojik ve sosyal özelliklerin değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Bulgular: Tedavi programına alınan130 hastanın 60’ı (%46,2) 28 günlük tedaviyi tamamlamıştır. Tedaviyi tamamlayanların yaş ortalaması 38,2±14,1 ve yarım bırakanların 31,8±9,5 olup aradaki fark anlamlıdır. Hastaların %78,5’nda remisyon yoktur, hastaların %61,5’i ilk yatışı olan hastalardır. Kullanılan madde türüne göre tedaviyi tamamlama oranları opiyat bağımlı-larında 23 kişi (%79,3), alkol bağımlılarında 25 kişidir (%54,3). Esrar ve çoklu madde kullananların tedaviyi tamamlama oranları daha düşük olup aradaki fark istatistiksel olarak anlamlıdır. Sigara başlama yaşı tedaviyi yarım bırakanlarda 14,6±4,5 tamamlayanlarda 16,1±3,3 olup aradaki fark anlamlı bulunmuştur. BAPİ ölçeğine göre öfke kontrolü düşük olan hastaların daha fazla oranda tedaviyi yarım bıraktıkları görülmüştür.Sonuç: Tedaviyi yarım bırakma esrar, sentetik esrar ve çoklu madde kullanıcılarında fazladır. Erken yaşta sigaraya başlamış olma, düşük öfke kontrolü tedaviyi yarım bı-rakma ile ilişkili diğer özelliklerdir. Bağımlılık tedavisinde hastaların bu özelliklerine dikkat edilmesi depreşmeyi azaltabilir.
Evaluation of Dropout Reason from Addiction Treatment
Objective:Remission rates among patients with alcohol and substance addictions are low. Dropout of treatment, which can be referred to as relapse, is an unresolved issue in addiction therapy. In this study, we evaluated the treatment dropout reasons of inpatients with substance addictions in the Trakya University, Balkan Addiction Research and Treatment Unit. Method: 130 patients receiving inpatient addiction treatment during the course of one year were included in this study. The patients’ socio-demographic characteristics and substance use characteristics related to their addictions were retrospectively evaluated with the assistance of a questionnaire and the Addiction Profile Index Scale (API). Upon admission, patients received both written and verbal information regarding the recommended 28-day treatment program. Those who agreed to follow the treatment formed the study sample. The data from the 70 patients who dropped out of the treatment program were compared with those from the 60 who finished their treatment. This study set out to evaluate the psychological and social factors that lead treatment program participants to discontinue treatment. Results: Of the 130 alcohol and substance addicted patients that participated in the study, 60 patients (46.2%) completed the 28-day treatment program. The mean age of those who completed their treatment was 38.2±14.1 years, while it was 31.8±9.5 years for the drop-out patients, a statistically significant difference. There was no remission in 78.5% of the patients and for 61.5% of the patients; this was their first inpatient treatment. The dropout rates in opiate and alcohol addicted patients were 20.7% (n=6) and 45.7% (n=21), respectively. The dropout rates for cannabis and poly substance users were higher than the others and statistically significant. The mean age for beginning tobacco use among dropout patients was 14.6±4.5, while it was 16.1±3.3 among those who completed treatment, which is statistically significant. The dropout rate was significantly higher among patients with low anger management level as determined by API. Conclusion: The dropout rate among cannabis users, synthetic cannabis users, and poly substance users was higher. Other related issues were early tobacco use and lower anger management level. Attention to these factors during addiction treatment could reduce instance of relapse.

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