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Yıl:2015; Cilt: 16; Sayı: 5>> Özet
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Anadolu Psikiyatri Dergisi; 2015;16(5):357-363
Dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğuolan çocuklarda koku ve tat işlevleri
BA Sarı, N Taşkıntuna
Başkent Üniversitesi, Ankara
Amaç: Dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu (DEHB), Mental Bozuklukların Tanısal ve Sayımsal El Kitabı (DSM) ölçütleri, nöropsikolojik testler-değerlendirmeler ve anne-baba/öğretmen/öz bildirim ölçekleri kullanılarak tanı konan bir bozukluktur. Tanı sadece klinik değerlendirme ile konmaktadır, diğer yöntemler yardımcı yöntemlerdir. Biyolojik, elektrofizyolojik veya nörogörüntüleme yöntemleri ile tanı konabilecek biyolojik bir belirteci bulunmamaktadır. DEHB tanısı konmasına yardımcı olacak biyolojik belirteç çalışmaları yapılagelmektedir. Bu çalışmalar içinde koku ve tat işlevleri sınırlı şekilde ele alınmıştır. Bu nedenle bu çalışmada, DEHB’li çocuklarda koku ve tat işlevleri incelenmiştir. Yöntem: Çalışmaya 6-15 yaşları arasındaki 34 DEHB’li çocuk ve kontrol grubu olarak 31 sağlıklı çocuk alınmıştır. Koku testi olarak ‘Sniffin’ çubukları, tat testi olarak da acı tadını ölçmek için propiltiyourasil (PROP) kullanılmıştır. Sonuçlar: DEHB ve kontrol grubu arasında koku duyarlılığı, koku ayırt etme becerisi ve koku tanımlama testlerinde istatistiksel bir fark bulunmamıştır. Gruplar arasında PROP testinde istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmuştur. DEHB’li grupta acı tadın kontrol grubuna oranla daha az hissedildiği belirlenmiştir. Tartışma: PROP acı testinin uygulama kolaylığı, sonucun yaştan etkilenmiyor olması ve testin çok kısa sürede yapılabilmesi bu testin ileri dönemde tanı için bir belirteç olarak kullanılmasında avantajlı konumda olacağını düşündürmüştür. Sonuç olarak çalışmamızda PROP acı testinin DEHB tanısı konmasında bir biyolojik belirteç olabileceğini düşündürmüş olmakla birlikte ileri çalışmaların yapılmasına gereksinim vardır.
Odor and taste sensitivity in children with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder
Objective: Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is diagnosed using Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders criteria, neuropsychological testing, examinations, and parent, teacher, and self-evaluation forms. Diagnosing of ADHD depends on clinical evaluation, others are auxilary methods. No biological, electrophysio-logical, or neuroimaging markers currently exist to diagnose ADHD. Many studies about the biological markers for diagnosing ADHD have been conducted. Olfactory and gustatory dysfunctions have not been well studied in ADHD for this purpose. For this reason this study aimed to evaluate both the olfactory and gustatory functions of children with ADHD. Methods: A total of 34 children with ADHD and a control group containing 31 children aged 6-15 years participated in the study. We used the Sniffin’ Sticks odor tests and propylthiouracil (PROP) bitterness sensitivity test to examine odor and taste sensitivity, respectively. Results: We found no statistically significant differences between the ADHD and control groups in terms of odor sensitivity, odor discrimination, and odor identification. A statistically significant difference between groups was observed in PROP scores. Children in the ADHD group were less sensitive to bitterness than the control group. Conclusion: PROP bitterness test is in an advantageous state for being a marker in advanced years due to ease of use, independence of age and very short test period. As a result, in our study, it is concluded that PROP bitterness test may be a biological marker for ADHD diagnosis, however, further studies are needed.

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