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Yıl:2015; Cilt: 16; Sayı: 1>> Özet
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Bağımlılık Dergisi; 2015;16(1):9-17
Üniversite Öğrencilerinde Sigara ve Alkol Kullanımı: Depresif Belirtiler ve Umutsuzluk Yönünden Bir Değerlendirme
A Babacan Gümüş
Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart Üniversitesi, Çanakkale
Amaç: Bu çalışma üniversite öğrencilerinde sigara ve alkol kullanımı ile depresif belirtiler ve umutsuzluk arasındaki ilişkileri belirlemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Yöntem: Çalışmanın örneklemini, bir devlet üniversitesinde öğrenim gören 374 öğrenci oluşturmuştur. Örneklem seçiminde üniversitenin okullarının mevcutlarına ağırlıklı tabakalı rastgele örnekleme yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın verileri Tanıtıcı Bilgi Formu, Beck Depresyon Envanteri (BDE) ve Beck Umutsuzluk Ölçeği (BUÖ) ile toplanmış- tır. Verilerin analizinde Kolmogorov-Smirnov testi, sayı, yüzde, ortanca, 25.-75. yüzdelikler, Kruskall Wallis testi, Mann Witney U testi ve Spearman Sıra Korelasyon analizi kullanılmıştır. Bulgular: Yaş ortalaması 21,05 ± 2,33 olan öğrencilerin %39’unun sigara, %57,8’inin alkol kullandığı belirlenmiştir. Ölçek ortanca de- ğerleri BDE için 10,50 ve BUÖ için 4,00 olarak bulunmuştur. Öğrencilerin %25,9’unda depresif belirtiler yüksektir. Sigara kullanma durumuna göre öğrencilerin BDE ortanca değerlerinde anlamlı düzeyde farklılık saptanmıştır (z=-2,378, p<0,05). Alkol kullanma durumuna göre öğrencilerin BUÖ ortanca değerlerinde anlamlı düzeyde farklılık belirlenmiştir (z=- 2,143, p<0,05). Sigara ve alkol kullanım miktarı, öğrencilerin BDE ve BUÖ ortanca değerlerinde anlamlı bir farklılığa yol açmamıştır (p>0,05). Sonuç: Elde edilen sonuçlar çalışmaya katılan üniversite öğrencilerinde sigara ve alkol kullanımının yüksek düzeyde olduğunu göstermiştir. Sigara kullanan öğrencilerde depresif belirtilerin, alkol kullanan öğrencilerde umutsuzluğun daha yüksek düzeyde olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bu doğrultuda üniversite öğrencilerinde sigara ve alkol kullanımını önleyici ve ruh sağlı- ğını koruyucu uygulamalar arttırılmalıdır. Öğrencilerde sigara ve alkol kullanımını azaltmak için koruyucu ruh sağlığı uygulamaları ile depresif belirtilerin erken tanı ve tedavisi yararlı olabilir.
Cigarette and Alcohol Use among University Students: An Evaluation in Terms of Depressive Symptoms and Hopelessness
Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze the relationships between cigarette and alcohol use among university students and depressive symptom and hopelessness. Methods: The sample of the study was composed of 374 students studying at the state university. Students were selected by stratified random sampling proportional to the total number of students in the schools of university. The data were collected by Introductory Information Form, Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS). In the analysis of data, KolmogorovSmirnov test, number, percentage, median, 25th-75th. percentiles, Kruskal Wallis test, Kruskal-Wallis test, Mann Whitney U test and Spearman Rank Correlation analysis were used. Results: The mean age of the students was 21.05±2.33. 39% of the students used cigarette and 57,8% used alcohol. The median score for BDI was 10,50 and the median score for BHS was 4,00. Depressive symptoms level was high in 25,9% of the students. A statistically significant difference was found in BDI median values of students according to smoking status (z=-2.378, p<0.05). A statistically significant difference was found in BHS median values of students according to alcohol use (z=-2,143, p<0,05). Statistically significant differences were not found in BDI and BHS median values of students according to the amount of smoking and alcohol use (p>0,05). Conclusion: The results show that use of cigarette and alcohol was high level among university students who participated in the study. It was found out that depressive symptoms level was high in students using cigarette and hopelessness level was high in students using alcohol. Thus, actions to prevent university students from use of cigarette and alcohol and actions to protect their mental health should be increased. To reduce smoking and alcohol use among students may be helpful for early diagnosis and treatment of depressive symptoms with preventive mental health practices.

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