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Yıl:2004; Cilt: 12; Sayı: 4>> Özet
Psikiyatri Psikoloji Psikofarmakoloji (3P) Dergisi; 2004;12(4):0-0
Ödül Dağıtımında Eşitlik Hakçalık ve Gereksinim İlkelerinin Çalışma Arkadaşının Tercihi Üzerindeki Etkileri: Özçıkar Eğiliminin Bir Göstergesi
DN Şahin, O Aydın
Amaç: Farklı ödül dağıtımı önerilerinin çalışma arkadaşı tercihleri üzerindeki etkilerinin deneysel olarak incelenmesidir. Yöntem Çalışmaya H.Ü. psikoloji bölümü birinci sınıfta okuyan 42 kız öğrenci katılmıştır. Deneysel oturumlara grup halinde katılan dört kişiden biri gerçek diğer üçü anlaşmalı katılımcıdır. Katılımcılara görev olarak gizlenmiş sözcüklerin bulunduğu harflerden oluşan matriksler verilmiş ve 5 dakikalık bir sürede mümkün olduğu kadar çok sözcük bulmaları istenmiştir. Deneyci önce en başarılı ya da en başarısız kıldığı gerçek katılımcıdan ve sonra sırayla diğer katılımcılardan, söz verdiği 20 ödül puanını nasıl dağıtmalarının uygun olduğunu belirtmelerini istemiştir. Anlaşmalı deneklerden biri ödülün eşit, biri başarıya göre biri de gereksinime göre dağıtılmasını söylemiştir. Katılımcılardan, gruptaki her kişiyi ilerde çalışma arkadaşı olarak ne derece tercih ettiklerini 7 basamaklı bir ölçek üzerinde işaretlemeleri istenmiştir. Bulgular En başarılı katılımcılar ödülün katkıya göre dağıtılmasını öneren kişiyle birlikte çalışmayı daha çok tercih ederken en başarısız olanlar ise eşit dağıtılmasını öneren kişiyi çalışma arkadaşı daha çok tercih etmişlerdir. Ödülün gereksinime göre dağıtılmasını önerenlerde ise ikinci derecede tercih edilme eğilimi gözlenmiştir; bununla birlikte bu eğilim sadece başarısızlarda anlamlı düzeydedir. Sonuç Ödül dağıtımının etkisinin dolaylı bir biçimde incelendiği bu çalışmanın bulguları, literatürde yaygın olan kişisel çıkarın adalet duygusunu gölgelediği görüşünü destekleyici niteliktedir.
The effect of need, equity and equality principles of reward allocation on work partner preferences: Evidence of self-interest tendency
Objective: The present experiment explored whether the group member’s allocation suggestions favoring/not favoring the other party’s self-interest affected preference of that person as a work partner. Method: The sample consisted of H.U. psychology department first [year] 42 female students. In each experimental session, the participant was manipulated either to perform the best or the worst of the members of a four-person group, on an experimental task of hidden word puzzles. The other three members of the group were the confederates. The group members were then told that they would earn 20 points reward for participating in the study and were asked that how they would each divide it among them. Following the participant’s response, one confederate offered to allocate the scores they had obtained according to everyone’s need, while of the two, one suggested to distribute according to everyone’s contribution and the other proposed an equal share. All of the group members were asked asked to rate the degree to which they preferred to work with each member as a work partner in a future session, on 7 point scale. Results: It was indicated that as a future workmate while the best performing participants chose the group member who proposed the equity rule, the worst performing ones preferred the one who offered to distribute evenhandedly. As a second choice, both the best and the worst performers showed a propensity to prefer the one whose decision was in accordance with the need principle. Conclusion: Hence, the participants preferred more the group member who made an offer which was either toward their advantage or did not seem to reflect a self-serving bias. The results are in line with the findings indicating a self-interest bias in reward allocation.

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