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Yıl:2004; Cilt: 12; Sayı: 4>> Özet
Psikiyatri Psikoloji Psikofarmakoloji (3P) Dergisi; 2004;12(4):0-0
Duygu Durumun Açık ve Örtük Bellek Üzerindeki Etkileri
S Amado, A Tuna
Amaç: Bu çalışmada, olumsuz duygu durumun açık ve örtük bellekte yarattığı yanlılığın incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Yöntem: Hiroto ve Seligman31 tarafından geliştirilen 10-denemeli kavram-öğrenme problemleri kullanılmıştır. Çözümsüz problemler alarak olumsuz duygu duruma giren denekler ile çözülebilir problemler alan deneklerin açık ve örtük belleklerinde farklı duygusal değerlikteki sözcüklerin (pozitif, negatif ve nötr) hatırlanma düzeyleri incelenmiştir. Deneyde örtük belleği test etmek amacıyla kavram-sürücülü bir test olan anagram çözme testi, açık bellek için ise hatırlama testi kullanılmış, toplam 78 denek üzerinde çalışılmıştır. Bulgular: Açık belleği ölçme amacıyla yapılmış olan hatırlama testinde olumsuz duygu durumdaki denekler daha fazla negatif sözcük, daha az nötr sözcük hatırlamışlardır. Örtük belleği ölçen anagram testinde ise, sözcük değerliğine bağlı olarak çözülme süresinde ve çözülebilen anagram sayısında gruplar arasında farklılaşma bulunmamıştır. Tartışma: Bu bulgular açık bellekte duygu durum tutarlı bellek yanlılığının varlığını gösterirken, örtük bellekte kavram-sürücülü bir test kullanılmasına rağmen yanlılığın bulunmadığını göstermektedir. Elde edilen bulgular Watkins, Mathews, Williamson ve Fuller’ın17 öne sürdüğü açık bellekteki bilgilerin ayrıntılı işleme kuramı ve depresif kişilerin negatif bilgiyi daha ayrıntılı işledikleri görüşleri ile Beck’in5 depresyon modeline temellendirilmiş olan şema kuramı çerçevesinde tartışılmıştır.

Effects of mood on explicit and implicit memory
Objective: Mood state was experimentally manipulated to investigate the impact and bias of mood state on implicit and explicit memory. Method: In this study, 10 trial concept-learning tasks developed by Hiroto and Seligman31 were used. In order to manipulate negative mood, “learned helplessness” phenomena was created by giving unsolvable problems to the experimental group. The implicit and explicit retention of words with different affective valances (positive negative and neutral adjectives) were compared for the experimental and control groups. An anagram solving task was used as a conceptually-driven implicit memory test and a free recall task for explicit memory test. 78 subjects were employed totally. Results: The results of the experiment revealed that, subjects in the negative mood group recalled more negative words and less neutral words in the free recall test. There was no significant effect of negative mood state on the number and speed of anagrams solved. Conclusion: These findings show mood congruency effect in explicit memory but not in implicit memory, although a conceptually-driven test was used. The findings are discussed in the context of the “elaborative processing theory”, proposing the elaboration of negative information in depression, in explicit memory17 and the schema theory based on Beck’s 5 depression model.

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