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Yıl:2015; Cilt: 5; Sayı: 43>> Özet
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Türk Psikolojik Danışma ve Rehberlik Dergisi; 2015;5(43):128-136
Grupla Psikolojik Danışma Sürecinde Bir Risk Alanı: Sınır Aşımları
YSÜ Özçetin, İ Yalçın
Hacettepe Üniversitesi, Ankara
Psikolojik danışma süreci, bireylere yardımcı olabilmek amacıyla bireysel ya da grup görüşmeleri ile yürütülen, yoğun ve aktif bir kişilerarası süreç olarak değerlendirilebilir. Psikolojik danışma sürecinde amaç, bireyin değişimi ve bu süreçten fayda sağlamasıdır. Bu kişilerarası süreçte çeşitli etik ilke ve standartlara gereksinim duyulmaktadır. Herhangi bir tutum ya da davranışın daha açık şekilde anlaşılabilmesi iyi-kötü ya da doğru-yanlış gibi insani değerler açısından anlamlandırılması ve yorumlanması bağlamında etik değerler işlev ve anlam kazanmaktadır. Bireysel ve grupla psikolojik danışma sürecinde var olan psikolojik danışman-danışan arasındaki güç ilişkisi ve bu gücün kullanımının daha çok içsel özelliklerle bağlantılı olması, bu sürecin kendisini de etik açısından sorunlu bir uygulama durumuna getirebilmektedir. Bu anlamda profesyonel sınırların anlaşılması ve sürdürülmesi önem kazanmaktadır. Bu sınırların aşılması ise, psikolojik danışmanın danışanı istismar etme risklerini de beraberinde getirebilmektedir. Psikolojik danışmandan danışanlarıyla etkili çalışma ilişkilerini geliştirirken, objektif olması ve profesyonel mesafeyi koruması beklenmektedir. Ancak sınır aşımlarında, danışan için yararlı olmadığı bilinen ve kültürel anlamda da kabul görmeyen bir ilişki gelişebilmektedir. Sınır aşımlarının önlenmesinde psikolojik danışmanların bu anlamdaki duyarlılığı, istekliliği ve motivasyonu oldukça önemlidir. Böylece sınır aşımlarından kaçınmaları daha kolay olabilecektir. Bu bağlamda, psikolojik danışmanların eğitimleri süresince öncelikle kendi öz değerlendirmelerini yapmaları, farkındalıklarını geliştirmeleri, etik ilke ve değerleri içselleştirmeleri yoluyla profesyonel kimliklerini özümsemeleri, tüm bunları yaparken gerekli destek kaynaklarını harekete geçirerek kullanmalarının önemli olduğu belirtilebilir. Bu çalışma ile psikolojik danışma süreçlerinde yaşanan etik sınır aşımlarına dikkat çekilerek, uygun yaklaşımların benimsenmesi konusunda farkındalık oluşturulması ve ilgili alanyazına katkı sağlanması amaçlanmıştır
A Risk Area for Group Counseling: Boundary Violations
Psychological counseling can be considered as an intensive and active interpersonal process conducted with individual or group meetings to provide assistance to individuals. The basic purpose of counseling is to help people change and get benefi t from this process. This interpersonal process requires various ethical principles and standards. Ethical values gain function and meaning in terms of making sense of and interpreting any attitude or behavior within the concept of humane values such as good or bad and right or wrong. Power relationship and the use of this power are associated with more intrinsic property in counseling, so the process itself can bring ethically problematic applications. In this sense, understanding and sustaining professional boundaries is gaining importance. Violations of this boundaries can also bring risks about exploitation and abuse of client. While psychological counselor develops effective working relationships, he/she is expected to be objective and maintain a professional distance. However, it can be developed useless and unacceptable relations in a cultural sense when boundaries are violated. Psychological counselors’ sensitivity, willingness and motivations are very important to avoid boundary violations. So, they can avoid boundary violations more easily. It is important for the counselors to make self assessments, develop awareness, acquire a professional identity by adopting ethical principles and values and active support resources during their counseling training. This study aims for drawing attention to boundary violations in counseling, creating awareness about adopting proper approaches and contributing to related literature

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