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Yıl:2014; Cilt: 1; Sayı: 3>> Özet
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Literatür Sempozyum; 2014;1(3):8-15
Madde Kullanım Bozukluğu Olan Ergenlerde HAV sıklığı
Z Yüncü, BK Başay, E Altıntoprak, H Coşkunol, C Aydın
Ege Üniversitesi, İzmir
Giriş: Madde kullanım bozukluğu [MKB] olanlar HAV [hepatit A virüsü] kapma açısından risk altındadırlar. Bu çalışmada Türkiye’de parenteral yol dışında madde kullanan ergenler arasında HAV enfeksiyonunun sıklığını ve risk faktörlerini incelemeyi amaçladık. Yöntem: Bu çalışmada bir ergen bağımlılık tedavi merkezinin kayıtları geriye dönük olarak tarandı. Sigara dışında en az bir madde kullanan 158 olgunun dosyalarında HAV IgM ve HAV IgG’ye ilişkin serolojik değerlendirmeler bulundu. Bu olguların HAV için muhtemel risk etkenlerini sorgulayan bir anket dosya bilgileri taranarak dolduruldu. İstatistiksel değerlendirmede SPSS 13.0 paket programı kullanıldı. Ki-kare, Fisher Exact testi ve lojistik regresyon analizi yapıldı. İstatistiksel anlamlılık p<0.05 olarak kabûl edildi. Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan olguların yaş ortalaması 16.4±1.5 olarak bulundu. Bu olguların %100’ü erkekti. Tüm olguların %95.6’sının sigara, %74.7’sinin (s=118) esrar, %55.7’sinin (s=88) inhalan, %43.7’sinin (s=69) ekstazi, %40.5’inin (s=64) alkol kullandığı belirlendi. Toplam 70 olguda (%44.3) Total HAV (+) bulundu. 69 olguda IgG ve 1 olguda IgM (+) bulundu. Eğitim düzeyi düşük olan grupta HAV sıklığının daha yüksek oranda olduğu belirlendi. HAV sıklığı eştanı alan olgularda, en fazla okuryazar annesi olanlarda, kardeş sayısı 4 ve 4’ten çok olanlarda HAV sıklığı anlamlı düzeyde yüksek oranda tespit edildi (p<0.05). Kullanıcıların tercih ettikleri maddelere göre uçucu madde kullanmayanlarda Total HAV (+) daha düşük oranda bulundu [p<0.05]. Gelir düzeyi düşük olan grupta, sosyal güvencesi olan grupta, gecekonduda ikamet edenlerde HAV sıklığı yüksek oranda tespit edildi (p<0.05). Tartışma: Bu çalışmada HAV sıklığı Türkiye’nin diğer bölgelerindeki sağlıklı toplumla yapılan çalışmalarda elde edilen oranlara göre yüksektir. Özellikle annenin eğitim düzeyinin artışı ile HAV sıklığının azalması arasında bir ilişki tesbit edilmiştir. Eğitim ve gelir düzeyi, gecekondu oturma, kardeş sayısı risk faktörlerindendir. Sonuç: Türkiye de MKB gibi riskli gruplara HAV ve diğer enfeksiyon hastalıklar açısından eğitim ve aşılama programları uygulanmalıdır.
HAV Prevalence in Substance Using Adolescents
Introduction: Patients with Substance Use Disorder [SUD] are under risk for HAV (hepatitis A virus). In this study we aimed to investigate the prevalence of HAV infection and risk factors among non-injection drug using adolescents in Turkey. Method: In this study the records of an adolescent addiction treatment center reviewed retrospectively. Serological results of HAV IgM and HAV IgG were determined from the patient records of 158 adolescents who use at lest one kind of substance other than cigarette. A questionnaire interrogating risk factors for HAV was fulfilled with the data obtained from the patients’ records. For the statistical analysis SPSS 13.0 package program was used and Chi Square, Fisher’s Exact Test and Logistic Regression Analysis were done. P value less than 0.05 [p<0.05] was accepted as statistically significant. Results: Mean age of the subjects evaluated in the study was found to be 16.4±1.5. 100% of these patients were male. 95.6% of the patients were detected to be using cigarette, 74.7% (n=118) were using cannabis, 55.7% (n=88) were using inhalant, 43.7% (n=69) were using ecstasy and 40.5% (n=64) were using alcohol. Total HAV was detected to be positive in totally 70 subjects (44.3%). In 69 subjects, IgG and in 1 subject IgM was found to be positive. In the group with low education level, HAV prevalence was detected to be higher. HAV prevalence was found to be significantly high in the patients with comorbid diagnoses, with sibling number 4 or more and the patients who have literate mother [p<0.05]. According to the substance preference, in the subjects who don’t use inhalant HAV prevalence was found to be less [p<0.05]. In the group with low income level, with social insurance and in the group living in shanty houses, HAV prevalence was found to be higher [p<0.05]. Discussion: In this study HAV prevalence was found to be higher than the prevalence obtained from the other studies which were done in healthy communities in the other regions of Turkey. Especially an association was detected between increases in mother education status with decrease in HAV prevalence. Education and income level, living in a shanty house, sibling number are risk factors. Conclusion: Education and immunization programs for HAV and the other infection diseases should be applied to risky groups like Substance Using Groups.

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