Dergi Ara >>
Yıl:2014; Cilt: 15; Sayı: 2>> Özet
TAM METİN
Bağımlılık Dergisi; 2014;15(2):85-90
Ödül Eksikliği Sendromu
M Şahpolat, M Arı, MH Kokaçya, ÜS Çöpoğlu
Mustafa Kemal Üniversitesi, Hatay
Ödül eksikliği sendromu (ÖES), beynin ödüllendirme süreçlerinde meydana gelen kimyasal dengesizlikler sonucunda birçok davranışsal bozuklukların ortaya çıktığı bir tablo olarak tanımlanmıştır. Beyindeki ödül sistemi 1950’lerde tesadüfen Olds tarafından keşfedilmiştir. Beyindeki ödül sisteminin temelini limbik sistem oluşturmaktadır. ÖES’nin bazal gangliyonlar, başta NAC olmak üzere mezolimbik beyin bölgeleri, prefrontal korteks, hipotalamus ve amigadala gibi limbik sistemin önemli parçalarını da kapsayan geniş bir beyin alanında meydana gelen çeşitli bozukluklarla ilişkili olduğu artık bilinmektedir. Limbik sistem, temel duyguları ve davranışları kontrol etmekte ve haz algısına temel oluşturmaktadır. Ayrıca hafıza ve öğrenme, cinsel davranış, motivasyon ve beslenme gibi önemli davranışları da kontrol etmektedir. Dopamin başta olmak üzere birçok nörotransmitterin ÖES patogenezinde rol aldığı belirtilmektedir. ÖES’nin alkol bağımlılığı, madde kötüye kullanımı, sigara kullanımı, kompulsif aşırı yeme, obezite, dikkat eksikliği hiperaktivite bozukluğu, Tourette bozukluğu, kontrolsüz internet kullanımı ve patolojik kumar oynama gibi bozukluklar ile ilişkisi ve nörobiyolojik ortak yolları da çalışmalarla gösterilmiştir. Bu makalede, ÖES ile ilgili bilgilerin ve çalışmaların literatür eşliğinde tartışılması amaçlandı.
Reward Deficiency Syndrome
Reward deficiency syndrome (RDS) has been described as a statement resulted in many behavioral disorders due to chemical imbalances in the brain's reward system. This system has been incidentally discovered by Olds in 1950. Limbic system is the basis of that system. It is now known that RDS is associated with a variety of disorders occur in a wide area of the brain covering the important parts of the limbic-system as basal ganglia, including the mesolimbic regions of the brain; particularly NAC, the prefrontal cortex, hypothalamus and amygdala. The limbic system, the basis for the perception of pleasure, controls basic emotions and behaviors. It is stated that many neurotransmitters, especially dopamine play a role in the pathogenesis of RDS. Furthermore, it also controls important behaviors including memory and learning, sexual behavior, motivation and nutrition. It is reported that RDS has neurobiological common paths and relation with alcohol addiction, substance abuse, smoking, compulsive overeating, obesity, attention deficit and hyperactivity, Tourette's disorder, uncontrolled internet usage and pathological gambling. RDS-related information and studies discussed in the literature were evaluated in this article.

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