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Yıl:2012; Cilt: 2; Sayı: 3>> Özet
Güncel Psikiyatri ve Psikonörofarmakoloji; 2012;2(3):5-13
Alkol Bağımlılarında Temps-A Ölçeği İle Belirlenen Affektif Mizaç Özellikleri ve Bu Özelliklerin MMPI Ölçeği İle Belirlenen Kişilik Özellikleri İle İlişkisi
U Işık
Özel Işıklar Ruh Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Merkezi
Amaç: Alkol kötüye kullanımı ve alkol bağımlılığı en sık karşılaşılan madde kullanım bozukluklarıdır. Bugüne değin alkol
bağımlılığı çok çeşitli şekilde tanımlanmaya ve sınıflandırılmaya çalışılmış, oluşum nedenleri üzerine farklı teoriler üretilmiştir.
Alkol bağımlılığı etiyolojisinde bugün için birçok farklı kuram yer almaktadır. Bu çalışmada alkol bağımlılarında öne
çıkan affektif mizaç özellikleri TEMPS-A ölçeği ile araştırılmış, yine bu kişilerde affektif mizaç özelliklerinin MMPI ölçeği ile
belirlenen kişilik özellikleri ile olan ilişkisi tanımlanmaya çalışılmıştır.
Yöntem: Araştırmaya hastanede tedavi olan ve daha önceden tedavi olduğu halde halen ayaktan destek gruplarına
katılmakta olan 70 kişi dahil edilmiştir. Hastanede yatmakta iken araştırmaya alınan alkol bağımlılarında araştırmaya dahil
edilme kriteri olarak en az 15 günlük ayıklık sürecinin olması şart koşulmuştur. Araştırmaya dahil edilen her hastaya SCID-I
(Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders, DSM-IV için Yapılandırılmış Klinik Görüşme) klinik versiyonu
uygulanmış, ek bir Eksen I ruhsal bozukluk tanısı alan hastalar araştırmaya dahil edilmemiştir. Araştırmaya dahil edilen hastalara
27 sorudan oluşan anket formu ile ve TEMPS-A ölçeği (Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San
Diego Autoquestionnaire) ve MMPI (Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory) ölçekleri uygulanmıştır. Affektif mizaçlar
70 denek üzerinden, MMPI sonuçları ise ölçekleri geçersiz kabul edilen 14 kişi dışlanarak 56 hastada analiz edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Araştırma grubunda TEMPS-A ölçeği ile 43 kişide dominant affektif mizaç tespit edilmiştir. Belirlenen dominant
mizaçlarının yüzde dağılımları incelendiğinde, grubun % 5.7'si nde depresif mizaç, % 15.7'si nde siklotimik mizaç,
% 25.7'si nde iritabl mizaç ve % 14'ü nde ise anksiyöz mizaçlar dominant mizaçlar olarak izlenmektedir. Araştırma grubunun
MMPI kişilik ölçeği alt ölçek puanları ele alındığında, araştırma grubunda yer alan kişilerden +1 standart sapma ve
üstünde yer alan kişilerin % 45.5'i nin anksiyöz, sikolotimik ve iritabl, % 18.1?nin anksiyöz ve iritabl, % 9.1'i nin anksiyöz,
depresif ve iritabl, % 9.1'i nin anksiyöz, depresif ve siklotimik ve % 9.1'i nin ise anksiyöz, depresif, siklotimik ve iritabl
olmak üzere birden fazla +1 standart sapmanın üzerinde dominant mizaç alt ölçek puanına sahip olduğu görülmektedir.
MMPI alt ölçeklerinde + 2 standart sapma ve üzerinde yer alan grupta istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olan bir dominant
mizaç görülmemektedir.
Sonuç: Bu çalışmada alkol bağımlılığı olan hastalarda affektif dominant mizaç olarak en sık iritabl mizacın gözlendiği,
siklotimik ve anksiyöz mizaçların da yüksek oranda gözlenen dominant mizaçlar olduğu, grubun MMPI alt ölçeklerinin
hemen hepsinde yüksek puanlar aldığı, MMPI'da özellikle paranoya, depresyon, hipokondriasis ve psikopatik sapma alt
ölçeklerinde belirgin T puanı yüksekliğinin bulunduğu, MMPI alt ölçeklerinde yüksek T puanlarının dominant mizaçlardan
siklotimik, iritabl ve anksiyöz mizaç ile yüksek oranda anlamlı ilişkili olduğu gözlenmiştir.
Affective temperaments in alcoholic patients evaluated with TEMPS-A questionnaire and the relevancy between the affective temperaments and MMPI personality traits
Objective: Alcohol abuse and dependency are the most prevelant substance dependance and abuse disorders. Till today, alcohol dependance was tried
to be defined and classified in many ways and different theories were created for why it occurs. Today there are many hypothesis for alcohol dependance
etiology. In this study affective temperaments of the alcoholic patients were studied with TEMPS-A questionnaire and tried to define the relevancy between
affective temperaments and MMPI personality traits of these individuals.
Method: 70 people of which are hospitalized for alcohol dependance and patients which had been hospitalized but now attending support groups are
included in the survey. At least 15 days of soberness were needed for hospitalized patients to be included in the survey. Every single patient in the survey
was given SCID-I (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorder) and patients meeting any other psychiatric disorder were excluded. TEMPS-A
(Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego Autoquestionnaire) questionnaire, questionnaire form of 27 questions and MMPI (Minnesota
Multiphasic Personality Inventory) were given individually. 70 patients were analyzed for affective temperaments . 56 patients with valid MMPI results were added
to analysis.
Results: 43 patients were detected as having a dominant affective temperament. Dominant affective temperaments were 5.7% depressive, 15.7% cyclothymic,
25.7% irritable and 14% anxious in percent. As for the MMPI measures of patients with 1+ positive and above deviation, all of the patients were showing
multiple affective temperaments of 45.5% anxious, cyclothymic and irritable, 18% anxious and irritabl, 9.1% anxious, depressive, irritable, 9.1% anxious,
cyclothymic and 9.1% anxious, depressive, cyclothymic and irritable. For MMPI 2+ standart deviation group of patients no statistically significant dominant
affective temperament were found.
Conclusions: This study shows that irritable affective temperament is the most frequent one in alcoholic patients. It also shows that cyclothymic and anxious
temperaments are also frequent, MMPI subscales have high scores in general and especially high T scores for paranoia, depression, hypocondriasis and psychotic
deviate in this patients, High T scores of MMPI questionnaire were especially related to cyclothymic, irritable and anxious temperaments significantly.

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