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Yıl:2012; Cilt: 25; Sayı: 4>> Özet
TAM METİN
Düşünen Adam: Psikiyatri ve Nörolojik Bilimler Dergisi; 2012;25(4):321-329
Türkiye?de şizofreni hastalarında sigara kullanımının psikopatolojik, sosyodemografik ve klinik özelliklerle ilişkisi
O Ekinci, A Ekinci
Yozgat Devlet Hastanesi
Amaç: Şizofreni hastalarında sigara kullanımı yaygınlığı, genel toplumdakinden anlamlı biçimde yüksektir ve bu durum bazı psikososyal ve klinik özelliklerle ilişkili görünmektedir. Bununla birlikte, şizofrenide sigara kullanımı ile psikopatoloji, içgörü, intihar, umutsuzluk ve depresyon arasındaki ilişki hakkında sınırlı sayıda çalışma bulunmaktadır. Çalışmamızın amacı, Türkiye'de sigara kullanan şizofreni hastalarında sigara kullanımının bu klinik değişkenlerle ilişkisini araştırmaktır.

Yöntem: Bu kesitsel nitelikteki çalışmaya, DSM-IV'e göre şizofreni tanısı almış, ayakta tedavi gören 133 hasta dahil edildi ve nikotin bağımlılığını değerlendirmek amacıyla her biriyle ayrı ayrı görüşüldü. Hastaların pozitif ve negatif belirtileri Pozitif Belirtileri Değerlendirme Ölçeği (PBDÖ) ve Negatif Belirtileri Değerlendirme Ölçeği (NBDÖ), depresyonun derecesi Calgary Şizofrenide Depresyon Ölçeği (CŞDÖ), umutsuzluk düzeyleri Beck Umutsuzluk Ölçeği (BUÖ), dürtüsellik düzeyleri Barrat Dürtüsellik Ölçeği (BDÖ), obsesif-kompulsif belirtileri Yale Brown Obsesyon Kompulsiyon Ölçeği (Y-BOKÖ), içgörüleri Beck Bilişsel İçgörü (BBİÖ) ve Akıl Hastalığına İçgörüsüzlük Ölçeği (AHİÖ) ile değerlendirildi.

Bulgular: Bulgularımız, sigara kullanan şizofrenili olgularda yatarak tedavi görme, intihar girişiminde bulunma oranlarının daha yüksek olduğuna, mevcut psikopatolojilerinin daha ciddi olduğuna, umutsuzluk ve dürtüsellik düzeylerinin de daha yüksek olduğuna işaret etmektedir. Ayrıca, sigara kullanan hastalarda işsizlik oranının daha yüksek olması da dikkati çekmekteydi.

Sonuç: Çalışmamız Türkiye'de şizofreni hastalarında sigara kullanımının rolü ile ilgili yeni bakış açıları kazandırabilir. Bulgularımız, sigara kullanımının şizofrenili olgularda daha ciddi psikopatolojinin yanı sıra, intihar eğilimi, umutsuzluk ve dürtüsellikle de ilişki içinde olduğuna işaret etmektedir. Şizofrenili olgularda sigara içiminin intihar, umutsuzluk ve dürtüsellikle olan ilişkisi, bu hasta grubunun tedavi ve takibinde önemli bir yer tutabilir.
Cigarette smoking in patients with schizophrenia in Turkey: relationships to psychopathology, socio-demographic and clinical characteristics
Objective: In individuals with schizophrenia, the prevalence of cigarette smoking is significantly higher than that of the general population. This appears to be associated with specific psychosocial and clinical characteristics. However, there is limited data regarding the relationship between smoking and psychopathology, insight, impulsivity, suicidality, hopelessness and depression in patients with schizophrenia. In this regard, the purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between these characteristics and smoking in patients with schizophrenia in Turkey.

Method: In this cross-sectional study, 133 outpatients with DSM-IV diagnosis of schizophrenia were recruited and independently interviewed for nicotine dependency with tobacco use. Scale for Assessment of Negative and Positive Symptoms (SANS and SAPS), Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS), Beck Hopelessness Scale (BHS), Barrat Impulsivity Scale (BIS), The Yale-Brown Obsessive?Compulsive Scale (YBOCS), Beck Cognitive Insight Scale, Scale of Unawareness of Mental Disorder (SUMD) were used to evaulate related psychopathologic variables.

Results: The results revealed that smokers with schizophrenia had higher rates of hospitalization, lifetime suicide attempts, more severe psychopathology, higher impulsivity and hopelessness scores than non-smokers with schizophrenia. In addition, another important result was that smokers with schizophrenia have higher unemployment rates.

Conclusion: From this study, we may gain new insights into the role of cigarette smoking in patients of schizophrenia in Turkey. Our findings suggest that cigarette smoking is associated with not only severe psychopathology but also with impulsivity and hopelessness which are related to suicidality, in patients with schizophrenia. This relationship between suicidality, impulsivity and hopelessness may be of clinical importance for patients with schizophrenia.

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