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Yıl:2012; Cilt: 22; Sayı: 4>> Özet
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Klinik Psikofarmakoloji Bülteni; 2012;22(4):297-306
Bipolar bozuklukta lateralizasyonun motor ve mental hıza etkisi
MI Atagun, OD Balaban, D Yesilbas, C Keskinkilic, C Evren
Namık Kemal University Medical School, Department of Psychiatry, Tekirdağ - Turkey
Amaç: Motor ve duygudurum düzenleyici sistemlerin arasındaki ilişki duygudurum bozukluklarının fizyopatolojilerinin anlaşılmasına ışık tutabilir. El tercihi, sağ elini kullanan bireylerde serebral lateralizasyonun güvenilir bir ölçüsüdür. Bu araştırmada lateralizasyonun bilişsel performansın yanı sıra motor ve mental hız üzerine olan etkilerinin incelenmesi amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntemler: Araştırmaya 68 ötimik bipolar hasta (ortalama yaş: 33.66±6.38, 33 kadın) ve 65 sağlıklı katılımcı (ortalama yaş: 33.65+7.11, 27 kadın) alındı. Tıbbi veya psikiyatrik hastalığı olanlar çalışmaya alınmadı. Montreal Bilişsel Değerlendirme (MOCA), parmak-tıklama, Peg-board, Yetişkin bellek ve bilgi işleme hızı bataryası (AMIPB), Edinburgh el tercihi envanteri ve reaksiyon zamanı testleri uygulandı.
Bulgular: Gruplar yaş, cinsiyet ve eğitim durumu bakımından benzerdi. Bipolar hastalar kontrollere göre daha lateralize idiler (p=0.027). Göz ve ayak lateralizasyonu açısından fark bulunmadı. Hastalar kontrollere göre MOCA (p=0.049), Peg-board (her iki el p<0.001), parmak tıklama testi (sağ p<0.001, sol p<0.002), AMIPB (motor ve A alt testleri p<0.001) ve görsel ve işitsel reaksiyon zamanı testlerinde (her ikisi için p<0.001) daha düşük performans gösterdiler. Lateralizasyonun derecesi yalnız bipolar hasta grubunda işlem yapma hızı ile pozitif yönlü bağıntı gösterdi.
Sonuç: Sağ elini kullanan hastaların sağ elini kullanan sağlıklılardan daha lateralize oldukları ve lateralizasyonun hastalarda işlem hızı bakımından avantaj sağladığı tespit edildi. Bu bulgu aşırı lateralizasyona neden olan fizyopatoloji ile bipolar bozuklukta interhemisferik iletişimin yavaşlaması arasında bir ilişki olabileceğini, dolayısı ile lateralizasyonun hemisferler arası iletişimin daha az kullanılması için bir kompanzasyon mekanizması olabileceğini düşündürmektedir.
Effect of lateralization on motor and mental speed in bipolar disorder
Objective: The correspondence between the motor and mood regulation systems may shed light on the physiopathology of mood disorders. Handedness is a reliable proxy measure for cerebral lateralization for right handed subjects. In this study we have investigated the effects of lateralization on cognitive performance as well as motor and mental speed in bipolar disorder.
Methods: Sixty-eight euthymic bipolar patients (mean age: 33.66±6.38, 33 female), and 65 healthy subjects (mean age: 33.65+7.11, 27 females) were enrolled. Participants with medical or psychiatric comorbidities were excluded. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MOCA), finger-tapping, peg-board test, Adult Memory and Information Processing battery (AMIPB), Edinburgh Handedness Inventory and reaction time tests were the measures utilized in our study.
Results: The groups were similar in terms of age, gender and education. The bipolar patients were more lateralized than the controls (p=0.027), whereas eye and foot lateralization did not differ between the groups. The patients performed poorer than the controls on the MOCA (p=0.049), peg-board (right and left, p<0.001), finger-tapping (right p<0.001; left p=0.002), AMIPB (motor and A subtest, p<0.001 for both) and the visual and auditory (p<0.001 for both) reaction time tests. The degree of lateralization was correlated with the speed of processing in the bipolar group, but not in the control group.
Conclusion: Right handed patients with bipolar disorder are more lateralized than healthy subjects and lateralization provides an advantage for processing speed in bipolar patients. This finding may indicate a relationship between lateralizing physiopathology and slowed interhemispheric communication and thus, an increase in lateralization might be a compensatory mechanism to use less interhemispheric communication in bipolar disorder.

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